Effects of colloidal nanoSiO2 on fly ash hydration

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Stabilization of residual soil using SiO2 nanoparticles and cement (2014, background): “The vibration bands appearing in the FTIR spectra were consistent with the characteristic signals of C–S–H gels previously described in the literature [25,29,51].”
Influence of SiO2, TiO2 and Fe2O3 nanoparticles on the properties of fly ash blended cement mortars (2020, background): “Mechanical properties of cementitious materials depend, in general, on two things: (micro) mechanical properties of the matrix material (hydration phases including calcium-silicatehydrate (C-S-H), CH, unhydrated clinker, as well as their proportions) [31] and the porosity/pore size distribution [32]”
Nano-modification of cementitious material: toward a stronger and durable concrete (2016, background): “[15] Detailed study on the ion concentration and pH value evolution of the nanomaterial-added system suggested that the enhanced dissolution of cement results in high alkalinity of the solution (Figure 4), leading to a high reaction extent of the SCMs.[16]”
Beneficial role of nanosilica in cement based materials – A review (2013, background): “In fly ash blended cement paste, nanosilica addition improved the early age strength [67,68].”
Dispersion of CaCO3 nanoparticles by sonication and surfactant treatment for application in fly ash–cement systems (2014, background): “[23] showed that it may have negative effects on the later-age properties.”