Pre-fusion RSV F strongly boosts pre-fusion specific neutralizing responses in cattle pre-exposed to bovine RSV

By A. Steff, J. Monroe, Kristian Friedrich, S. Chandramouli, Thi Lien-Anh Nguyen, Sai Tian, Sarah Vandepaer, J. Toussaint, A. Carfi. 2017

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Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is responsible for serious lower respiratory tract disease in infants and in older adults, and remains an important vaccine need. RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein is a key target for neutralizing antibodies. RSV F stabilized in its pre-fusion conformation (DS-Cav1 F) induces high neutralizing antibody titers in naïve animals, but it remains unknown to what extent pre-fusion F can boost pre-existing neutralizing responses in RSV seropositive adults. We here assess DS-Cav1 F immunogenicity in seropositive cattle pre-exposed to bovine RSV, a virus closely related to hRSV. A single immunization with non-adjuvanted DS-Cav1 F strongly boosts RSV neutralizing responses, directed towards pre-fusion F-specific epitopes, whereas a post-fusion F is unable to do so. Vaccination with pre-fusion F thus represents a promising strategy for maternal immunization and for other RSV vaccine target populations such as older adults. Boosting of maternal antibodies against RSV is a potential approach to protect infants from severe infection, but data from animal models is missing. Here Steff et al. test two different boosts in seropositive cattle pre-exposed to bovine RSV and show that pre-fusion F strongly boosts neutralizing responses.

Subfields: Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases

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