Effect of increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease: systematic review and meta-analyses
By Nancy J. Aburto, S. Hanson, Hialy R. Gutierrez, L. Hooper, P. Elliott, F. Cappuccio. British medical journal, 2013
880 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Objective To conduct a systematic review of the literature and meta-analyses to fill the gaps in knowledge on potassium intake and health. Data sources Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature Database, and the reference lists of previous reviews. Study selection Randomised controlled trials and cohort studies reporting the effects of potassium intake on blood pressure, renal function, blood lipids, catecholamine concentrations, all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and coronary heart disease were included. Data extraction and synthesis Potential studies were independently screened in duplicate, and their characteristics and outcomes were extracted. When possible, meta-analysis was done to estimate the effects (mean difference or risk ratio with 95% confidence interval) of higher potassium intake by using the inverse variance method and a random effect model. Results 22 randomised controlled trials (including 1606 participants) reporting blood pressure, blood lipids, catecholamine concentrations, and renal function and 11 cohort studies (127 038 participants) reporting all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, stroke, or coronary heart disease in adults were included in the meta-analyses. Increased potassium intake reduced systolic blood pressure by 3.49 (95% confidence interval 1.82 to 5.15) mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 1.96 (0.86 to 3.06) mm Hg in adults, an effect seen in people with hypertension but not in those without hypertension. Systolic blood pressure was reduced by 7.16 (1.91 to 12.41) mm Hg when the higher potassium intake was 90-120 mmol/day, without any dose response. Increased potassium intake had no significant adverse effect on renal function, blood lipids, or catecholamine concentrations in adults. An inverse statistically significant association was seen between potassium intake and risk of incident stroke (risk ratio 0.76, 0.66 to 0.89). Associations between potassium intake and incident cardiovascular disease (risk ratio 0.88, 0.70 to 1.11) or coronary heart disease (0.96, 0.78 to 1.19) were not statistically significant. In children, three controlled trials and one cohort study suggested that increased potassium intake reduced systolic blood pressure by a non-significant 0.28 (−0.49 to 1.05) mm Hg. Conclusions High quality evidence shows that increased potassium intake reduces blood pressure in people with hypertension and has no adverse effect on blood lipid concentrations, catecholamine concentrations, or renal function in adults. Higher potassium intake was associated with a 24% lower risk of stroke (moderate quality evidence). These results suggest that increased potassium intake is potentially beneficial to most people without impaired renal handling of potassium for the prevention and control of elevated blood pressure and stroke.
Subfields: Nutrition and Dietetics, Physiology, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/68cf3bd3bdc883631ce6657965c4b65eac2adae0
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In Nutrition and Dietetics
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Citations in the corpus
- 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (2016, background): “89)].(319) Apart from reducing sodium intake, increasing potassium intake contributes to the lowering of BP.”
- Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. (2014, background): “A recent meta-analysis that included 9 cohorts indicated that higher potassium intake was associated with a 24% lower risk of stroke.(235) Although stroke patients are commonly deficient in vitamin D,(236) and modern diets are often low in potassium, phase 3 trials have not yet explored whether supp”
- 2016 European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. (2016, background): “89)].(319) Apart from reducing sodium intake, increasing potassium intake contributes to the lowering of BP.”
- Short sleep duration and health outcomes: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. (2017, methodology): “Statistical heterogeneity between studies was investigated using the I 2 statistic [29], assuming an I 2 of 75% or greater to be an important level of inconsistency, as a previous review employed [30].”