Control of Embryonic Stem Cell State

By Richard A. Young. Cell, 2011

1,227 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, which can be propagated in culture in an undifferentiated state but induced to differentiate into specialized cell types, hold great promise for regenerative medicine. Moreover, these cells provide a powerful model system for studies of cellular identity and early mammalian development. Insights into the transcriptional control of embryonic stem cell state, including the regulatory circuitry underlying pluripotency and cellular reprogramming, have emerged from the study of these cells. These studies have also revealed fundamental mechanisms that control vertebrate gene expression, connect gene expression to chromosome structure, and contribute to human disease.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/67e9b77c5e528747dc38afa183f1e6c66fe1d7fd

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Citations in the corpus

Transcription factors interact with RNA to regulate genes (2022, methodology): “For these experiments, we chose the TFs SOX2, KLF4, GATA2, and RUNX1 because of their prominent roles in mES or hematopoietic cells (Orkin and Zon, 2008; Young, 2011) and our earlier characterization of their RNA-binding regions (Figure 3).”
Machine Learning Identifies Stemness Features Associated with Oncogenic Dedifferentiation (2018, background): “Cell 173 , 338–354, April 5, 2018 341 consistent with MYC being one of the transcription factors that drive pluripotency in ESCs (Young, 2011).”
Super-enhancers in the control of cell identity and disease. (2013, neutral): “The enhancers and transcription factors that control embryonic stem cell state are probably better understood than those for any other cell type, making ESCs an excellent model for identifying components of super-enhancers (Ng and Surani, 2011; Orkin and Hochedlinger, 2011; Young, 2011).”
Master Transcription Factors and Mediator Establish Super-Enhancers at Key Cell Identity Genes (2013, neutral): “In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), control of the gene expression program that establishes and maintains ESC state is dependent on a remarkably small number ofmaster transcription factors (Ng and Surani, 2011; Orkin and Hochedlinger, 2011; Young, 2011).”
A Recently Evolved Transcriptional Network Controls Biofilm Development in Candida albicans (2012, background): “…Losick and Stragier, 1992; Süel et al., 2006), the hematopoietic and embryonic stem cell differentiation pathways of mammals (Wilson et al., 2010; Young, 2011), and the regulation of circadian clock rhythms in Arabidopsis thaliana (Alabadı́ et al., 2001; Locke et al., 2005) show certain…”
Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics: Two Sides of the Same Coin? (2012, background): “More recently, ARID1A/BAF250a mutations have been observed in primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas, and transitional cell carcinoma and low ARID1A expression was found to be significantly associated with a specific subgroup of breast cancers (ER-/PR-/HER2-) (Zhang et al., 2011).”
The Transcriptional and Epigenomic Foundations of Ground State Pluripotency (2012, background): “The nature of the transcriptional and epigenetic machinery that maintains this potential throughout massive in vitro expansion has been the subject of intense investigation (Young, 2011).”
Master Transcription Factors Determine Cell-Type-Specific Responses to TGF-β Signaling (2011, neutral): “Recent work in mESCs has also suggested that the Wnt, LIF, and BMP pathways target sitesboundbymESCmaster transcription factors (Chenetal., 2008;Coleet al., 2008; Young, 2011).”
Homeodomain proteins: an update (2015, background): “In animals, they act from the earliest stages of development onward (Driever and Nüsslein-Volhard 1988; Töhönen et al. 2015), and they are essential in embryonic stem cells (Young 2011).”
Occupying chromatin: Polycomb mechanisms for getting to genomic targets, stopping transcriptional traffic, and staying put (2013, background): “Readers who seek comprehensive knowledge of PcG regulation in stem cells are referred to these recent reviews (Prezioso and Orlando, 2011; Surface et al., 2010; Young, 2011).”
ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling during mammalian development (2016, background): “…WORDS: Gene expression, Chromatin remodeling, Chromatin remodeler, Transcription, Differentiation Introduction Organogenesis involves the development, differentiation, migration and maturation of a variety of cell types, many of which are defined by specific gene expression programs (Young, 2011).”
Control of cell identity genes occurs in insulated neighborhoods in mammalian chromosomes (2014, neutral): “INTRODUCTION Embryonic stem cells depend on active transcription of genes that play prominent roles in pluripotency (ES cell identity genes) and on repression of genes encoding lineage-specifying developmental regulators (Ng and Surani, 2011; Orkin and Hochedlinger, 2011; Young, 2011).”