Evidence of strong quasar feedback in the early Universe

By R. Maiolino, S. Gallerani, R. Neri, C. Cicone, A. Ferrara, R. Genzel, D. Lutz, E. Sturm, L. Tacconi, F. Walter and 3 more. 2012

282 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Most theoretical models invoke quasar driven outflows to que nch star formation in massive galaxies, and this feedback mechanism is required to account for the population of old and passive galaxies observed in the local universe. The discovery of massive, old and passive galaxies at z∼2, implies that such quasar feedback onto the host galaxy must have been at work very early on, close to the reionization epoch. We have observed the [CII]158µm transition in SDSSJ114816.64+525150.3 that, at z=6.4189, is one of the most distant quasars known. We detect broad wings of the line tracing a quasar-driven massive outflow. This is the most distant massive outflow ever detected and is likely tracing t he long sought quasar feedback, already at work in the early Universe. The outflow is marginal ly resolved on scales of∼16 kpc, implying that the outflow can really a ffect the whole galaxy, as required by quasar feedback models. The inferred outflow rate, ˙ M > 3500 M⊙ yr −1 , is the highest ever found. At this rate the outflow can clean the gas in the host galaxy, and therefore quench star formation, in a few million years.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/67c63627858db07c5f31100961d21b0d8e4c2344

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Citations in the corpus

Ionized gas outflows and global kinematics of low-z luminous star-forming galaxies (2014, background): “Another remarkable characteristic of high-z SFGs is that outflows seem to be very prominent and ubiquitous (Shapley et al. 2003; Alexander et al. 2010; Maiolino et al. 2012; Cano-Diazet al. 2012).”
X-shooter reveals powerful outflows in z ∼ 1.5 X-ray selected obscured quasi-stellar objects (2014, background): “…barrier and characterise the neutral and ionised kinematic components of luminous high-z quasars by sampling the redshifted optical lines in c© 2002 RAS, MNRAS 000, 1–?? the NIR band (e.g., Alexander et al. 2010; Cano-Díaz et al. 2012; Maiolino et al. 2012; Harrison et al. 2012b, hereinafter H12).”
SDSS IV MaNGA – metallicity and nitrogen abundance gradients in local galaxies (2017, background): “G Veilleux et al. 2005; Tremonti et al. 2007; Feruglio et al. 2010; Sturm et al. 2011; Cano-Díaz et al. 2012; Maiolino et al. 2012; Cicone et al. 2014), both in the local Universe and at high redshift.”
Molecular line emission in NGC 1068 imaged with ALMA: I. An AGN-driven outflow in the dense molecular gas (2014, methodology): “If we assume a multi-conical outflow uniformly filled by the outflowing clouds (Maiolino et al. 2012; Cicone et al. 2014), the mass load rate (dM/dt) can be estimated from the expression dM dt = 3 × Vout × Mmol/Rout × tan(α).”
The COSMOS2015 galaxy stellar mass function . Thirteen billion years of stellar mass assembly in ten snapshots (2017, background): “Their CO and [CII] mapping indicates that, although AGN are able to remove a large amount of molecular gas (Maiolino et al. 2012; Cicone et al. 2014), they do not prevent extended cold clouds from fueling star formation (Cicone et al. 2015).”
The Illustris simulation: the evolving population of black holes across cosmic time (2014, background): “Thus from the observational point of view this remains an unsettled point, even though there is accumulating evidence for AGN-driven large scale outflows (Cicone et al. 2012; Maiolino et al. 2012; Cicone et al. 2014; Genzel et al. 2014).”
Ionised outflows in z $\sim$ 2.4 quasar host galaxies (2015, background): “…Zaurín et al. 2014; Aalto et al. 2015; Feruglio et al. 2015) and at high redshift (e.g. Alexander et al. 2010; Nesvadba et al. 2011; Harrison et al. 2012; Maiolino et al. 2012; CanoDíaz et al. 2012; Harrison et al. 2014; Cresci et al. 2015; Cicone et al. 2015) in ionised, atomic and molecular gas.”
Inferring the star formation histories of massive quiescent galaxies with bagpipes: evidence for multiple quenching mechanisms (2017, background): “Strong AGN-driven outflows, sometimes called quasarmode feedback, have been observed at high redshifts (e.g. Maiolino et al. 2012; Förster Schreiber et al. 2014), and are thought, in some cases, to be triggered by major-merger events.”
Massive molecular outflows and evidence for AGN feedback from CO observations (2013, methodology): “…emission lines in the seven sources is similar to the one adopted for studying the massive outflows detected in the CO(1–0) and CO(2–1) transitions in Mrk 231 (Feruglio et al. 2010; Cicone et al. 2012) and in the [CII] 158 μm line in the high redshift quasar SDSS J1148+5152 (Maiolino et al. 2012).”
simba: Cosmological simulations with black hole growth and feedback (2019, background): “…in which AGN are seen to drive multi-phase winds at velocities of ∼ 1000 km s−1 that include molecular and warm ionised gas (e.g. Sturm et al. 2011; Maiolino et al. 2012; Perna et al. 2017a); and a “jet mode” at low Eddington ratios, where AGN mostly drive hot gas in collimated jets at…”
The assembly of ‘normal’ galaxies at z ∼ 7 probed by ALMA (2015, background): “…et al. 2013, 2015) to trace obscured star formation (e.g. Swinbank et al. 2014; Gallerani et al. 2012; Negrello et al. 2010; Hezaveh et al. 2013; Schaerer et al. 2015a), and even to trace AGNs and their effect onto their host galaxy (Maiolino et al. 2012; Cicone et al. 2015; Gallerani et al. 2014).”
AGN wind scaling relations and the co-evolution of black holes and galaxies (2017, methodology): “We finally included in the sample the [CII] wind detected in the z = 6.4 QSO SDSSJ1148 by Maiolino et al. (2012) and Cicone et al. (2015).”
Metallicity evolution, metallicity gradients, and gas fractions at z ~ 3.4 (2013, background): “Very high quasar-driven outflow rates have been observed both locally (Feruglio et al. 2010; Sturm et al. 2011; Rupke & Veilleux et al. 2011; Cicone et al. 2012) and at high redshift (Cano-diaz et al. 2012; Maiolino et al. 2012).”
Impact of supermassive black hole growth on star formation (2017, background): “What is even more pertinent is the direct detection of outflows on kiloparsec scales, in multiple gas phases, using spatially-resolved kinematic measurements[41, 49, 50, 51, 52].”
Neutral hydrogen in galaxy haloes at the peak of the cosmic star formation history (2014, background): “Recently, direct observational evidence for powerful, wide-angle, galaxy-scale, quasar-driven outflows has emerged (e.g., Moe et al. 2009; Feruglio et al. 2010; Sturm et al. 2011; Rupke & Veilleux 2011; Greene et al. 2012; Maiolino et al. 2012; Harrison et al. 2014; Cicone et al. 2014).”
Very extended cold gas, star formation and outflows in the halo of a bright QSO at z>6 (2014, methodology): “(†) The values of σv reported for Maiolino et al. (2012) and for the present work refer to the narrow component to allow a comparison with earlier studies that did not detect the broad component.”