Universal Definition and Classification of Heart Failure.
By B. Bozkurt, A. Coats, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, M. Abdelhamid, S. Adamopoulos, N. Albert, S. Anker, J. Atherton, M. Böhm, J. Butler and 28 more. Journal of Cardiac Failure, 2021
845 citations recorded by the source corpus.
In this document, we propose a universal definition of heart failure (HF) as the following: HF is a clinical syndrome with symptoms and or signs caused by a structural and/or functional cardiac abnormality and corroborated by elevated natriuretic peptide levels and or objective evidence of pulmonary or systemic congestion. We propose revised stages of HF as: At-risk for HF (Stage A) , for patients at risk for HF but without current or prior symptoms or signs of HF and without structural or biomarkers evidence of heart disease. Pre-heart failure (Stage B) for patients without current or prior symptoms or signs of HF but evidence of structural heart disease or abnormal cardiac function, or elevated natriuretic peptide levels. HF (Stage C) for patients with current or prior symptoms and/or signs of HF caused by a structural and/or functional cardiac abnormality. Advanced HF (Stage D) for patients with severe symptoms and/ or signs of HF at rest, recurrent hospitalizations despite guideline-directed management and therapy (GDMT) , refractory or intolerant to GDMT, requiring advanced therapies such as consideration for transplant, mechanical circulatory support, or palliative care. Finally, we propose a new and revised classification of HF according to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) . The classification includes HF with reduced EF (HFrEF) : HF with LVEF ≤ 40%; HF with mid-range EF (HFmrEF) : HF with LVEF 41-49%; HF with preserved EF (HFpEF) : HF with LVEF ≥ 50%; and HF with improved EF (HFimpEF) : HF with a baseline LVEF ≤ 40%, a ≥ 10 point increase from baseline LVEF, and a second measurement of LVEF > 40.
Subfields: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Complementary and alternative medicine
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/662bbf131dd79bdb4a3939144726433f4b64657e
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Citations in the corpus
- Comments on the 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. (2022, methodology): “The new guidelines adopt the recent universal definition of HF, agreed upon by the scientific bodies of the European, North American, and Japanese cardiology societies.(3) This definition continues to assign a key role to LVEF.”