The role of the xanthophyll cycle and of lutein in photoprotection of photosystem II.

By P. Jahns, A. Holzwarth. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2012

1,058 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Photoprotection of photosystem II (PSII) is essential to avoid the light-induced damage of the photosynthetic apparatus due to the formation of reactive oxygen species (=photo-oxidative stress) under excess light. Carotenoids are known to play a crucial role in these processes based on their property to deactivate triplet chlorophyll (³Chl*) and singlet oxygen (¹O₂*). Xanthophylls are further assumed to be involved either directly or indirectly in the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of excess light energy in the antenna of PSII. This review gives an overview on recent progress in the understanding of the photoprotective role of the xanthophylls zeaxanthin (which is formed in the light in the so-called xanthophyll cycle) and lutein with emphasis on the NPQ processes associated with PSII of higher plants. The current knowledge supports the view that the photoprotective role of Lut is predominantly restricted to its function in the deactivation of ³Chl*, while zeaxanthin is the major player in the deactivation of excited singlet Chl (¹Chl*) and thus in NPQ (non-photochemical quenching). Additionally, zeaxanthin serves important functions as an antioxidant in the lipid phase of the membrane and is likely to act as a key component in the memory of the chloroplast with respect to preceding photo-oxidative stress. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Photosystem II.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Biology, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/627e6fb39f6cb1b4c6b2ac57ed84be2fa498547b

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In Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

1. B. Demmig-Adams
2. W. W. Adams
3. A. Verhoeven
4. Govindjee
5. K. Roháček

In Molecular Biology

1. A. Verhoeven
2. B. Demmig-Adams
3. W. W. Adams
4. G. Garab
5. Govindjee
6. K. Roháček

In Plant Science

1. A. Verhoeven
2. B. Demmig-Adams
3. W. W. Adams
4. L. Sandalio
5. G. Garab
6. Govindjee
7. K. Roháček

Citations in the corpus

• Non-Photochemical Quenching and Energy Dissipation in Plants, Algae and Cyanobacteria (2014, background): “For further details, see the reviews by Jahns and Holzwarth (2012), Holzwarth and Jahns, Chap.”
• Effect of drought on growth, photosynthesis and total antioxidant capacity of the saharan plant Oudeneya africana (2020, background): “Carotenoids are among the most important quenchers of singlet oxygen which causes oxidative damage to chlorophyll and other pigments under drought conditions (Jahns and Holzwarth, 2012).”
• Carotenoid metabolism in plants. (2015, neutral): “During light stress, zeaxanthin can be synthesized from antheraxanthin and violaxanthin via a process known as the xanthophyll cycle (Jahns and Holzwarth, 2012; Latowski et al., 2011).”
• Sustained energy dissipation in winter evergreens (2014, background): “This type of quenching is thought to occur within the minor antennae that remain attached to PSII, which includes three LHC proteins designated CP24, CP26 and CP29 (also denoted Lhcb6, Lhcb5 and Lhcb4, respectively; Holzwarth et al., 2009; Jahns & Holzwarth, 2012).”