Irreversible climate change due to carbon dioxide emissions

By S. Solomon, Gian-Kasper Plattner, Reto Knutti, Pierre Friedlingstein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009

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Evaluating the effectiveness of urban energy conservation and GHG mitigation measures: The case of Xiamen city, China (2010, background): “…is the major contributor to the rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere (IPCC, 2006, 2007), which in turn is resulting in climate change with significant negative impacts on both natural and socioeconomic systems (Parks, 2009; Roger et al., 2008; Solomon et al., 2009).”
Meeting global temperature targets—the role of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (2013, result): “This is consistent with earlier findings that there is a strong relation between cumulative CO2 emissions and peak temperature [20], and that the temperature response to a pulse emission of CO2 is nearly constant over centuries [21–23].”
Building up or spreading out? Typologies of urban growth across 478 cities of 1 million+ (2019, background): “At the global scale, changes in CO2 levels can influence climate and lead to irreversible impacts such as sea level rise (Solomon et al 2009).”
The role of negative CO2 emissions for reaching 2 °C—insights from integrated assessment modelling (2013, background): “Temperature overshoot scenarios can also be considered, but these clearly bear additional risks as the higher temperature levels will obviously cause climate impacts and it will take considerable time to return to the proposed target (Solomon et al. 2009).”