Nonshivering thermogenesis and its adequate measurement in metabolic studies

By B. Cannon, J. Nedergaard. Journal of Experimental Biology, 2011

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Activated Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells regulate Beige Fat Biogenesis (2014, neutral): “This rapid increase in heat production, which occurs within seconds to minutes, is mediated by several thermoeffectors, including cutaneous vasoconstriction, skeletal muscle shivering, and UCP1-mediated respiration in brown adipocytes; processes that are all activated by the sympathetic nervous syst”
Intermittent Fasting Promotes White Adipose Browning and Decreases Obesity by Shaping the Gut Microbiota (2017, neutral): “Emerging evidence suggests that non-shivering thermogenesis can re-establish energy balance and therefore counter the effects of elevated energy intake (Cannon and Nedergaard, 2011).”
FGF21 regulates PGC-1α and browning of white adipose tissues in adaptive thermogenesis. (2012, background): “2A,B), which is indicative of enhanced shivering (Cannon and Nedergaard 2011).”
Protection from obesity and diabetes by blockade of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling (2011, background): “In contrast, UCP1+ cells were absent in Smad3+/+ WAT.”
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) (2019, background): “In mice, acute central (i.c.v.) but not peripheral administration of GLP-1 increased brown adipose tissue (BAT) temperature and increased the activity of sympathetic fibers that innervate the inguinal BAT [773].”