Long-term effects of deer browsing: Composition, structure and productivity in a northeastern Minnesota old-growth forest

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Big game or big loss? High deer densities are threatening woody plant diversity and vegetation dynamics (2014, background): “…1989; Gill 1992a, b; Putman 1994; Putman and Moore 1998; Gill and Beardall 2001; Horsley et al. 2003; Rooney and Waller 2003; Côté et al. 2004; White 2012), there is very little information on the long-term impacts of deer browsing on highly diverse shrublands, but see Stockton et al.…”
Interactions between white-tailed deer density and the composition of forest understories in the northern United States (2017, background): “As deer habitually feed in areas where forage is most available (White, 2012; Palik et al., 2015), the link between tree seedlings and understory attributes suggests a more thorough understanding of understory characteristics and their dynamics may be necessary in determining the establishment and s”
Species composition, stand structure, and regeneration status of tree species in dry Afromontane forests of Awi Zone, northwestern Ethiopia (2019, background): “The result is consistent with findings from previous studies that reported grazing to clearly affect the densities of seedlings and saplings (Norden et al. 2011; White 2012; Kuijper et al. 2010).”
Impacts of white-tailed deer on regional patterns of forest tree recruitment (2016, background): “These thresholds are often used in deer browse studies (White 2012; McGarvey et al. 2013, Bressette et al. 2012).”