Crystal structures of a multidrug transporter reveal a functionally rotating mechanism

By S. Murakami, R. Nakashima, E. Yamashita, Takashi Matsumoto, A. Yamaguchi. Nature, 2006

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Bacterial multidrug efflux pumps: mechanisms, physiology and pharmacological exploitations. (2014, background): “In addition, minocycline also interacts with Phe 178 and Asn 274, and doxorubicin also interacts with Gln 176 and Phe 617 [23].”
The bacterial cell envelope. (2010, background): “…toxins into the cytoplasm of eukaryotic host cells during the infection process; and efflux pumps (Koronakis et al. 2000; Eswaran et al. 2004; Murakami et al. 2006; Symmons et al. 2009), which pump toxic molecules such as antibiotics from the cell clear across the cell envelope into the…”
Efflux-Mediated Drug Resistance in Bacteria: an Update (2009, background): “extrusion [open]) and predicts that the drug bound in the periplasmic domain is extruded through the conformational change initiated by the protonation of one of the residues in the aforementioned network within the transmembrane domain.[55](1) The functionally rotating mechanism has also been furth”
Structure, Function, and Evolution of Bacterial ATP-Binding Cassette Systems (2008, background): “In AcrB, a translocation pathway through the periplasmic domain of the monomer that releases substrates into a centrally located funnel-shaped cavity formed by the trimer has been identified (322, 436).”