Role of the Termite Gut Microbiota in Symbiotic Digestion

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Origin of termite eusociality: trophallaxis integrates the social, nutritional, and microbial environments (2015, background): “Studies have grown exponentially since the advent of molecular sequencing, and a large number of gut phylotypes or species have been identified (Brune & Ohkuma, 2011; Ohkuma & Brune, 2011; Brune, 2014).”
The gut microbiota of insects - diversity in structure and function. (2013, methodology): “Microsensors have been used in several studies to precisely delineate conditions within termite guts and to relate these conditions to microbial activities (reviews in Brune & Friedrich, 2000; Brune & Ohkuma, 2010; K€ohler et al., 2012).”
Necrobiome Framework for Bridging Decomposition Ecology of Autotrophically and Heterotrophically Derived Organic Matter (2018, background): “Macrotermitines are thought to be among the most efficient wood-consuming insects due to their symbioses with the fungi Termitomyces (Basidiomycetes: Lyophyllaceae), which both allows them to process wood more quickly and increases assimilation efficiency (Schuurman 2005, Brune and Ohkuma 2011).”
Bacterial symbionts as mediators of ecologically important traits of insect hosts (2011, background): “Such specific gut microbiota may play a substantial role in host nutritional ecology by providing essential nutrients or aiding in digestion of resources, such as lignocellulose in termites (Brune & Ohkuma, 2011).”