Increasing the elastic modulus of graphene by controlled defect creation

By G. López‐Polín, C. Gómez-Navarro, V. Parente, Francisco Guinea, M. Katsnelson, F. Pérez-Murano, J. Gómez‐Herrero. Nature Physics, 2014

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Spectroscopic investigation of defects in two-dimensional materials (2016, background): “A systematic study show that the in-plane Young’s modulus of graphene increases with increasing defect density under low vacancy content [76].”
Tailoring the mechanical properties of 2D materials and heterostructures (2018, background): “2% in the structure of single layer graphene, can increase the modulus up to 550 N m−1, while further defects start to decrease the modulus [76].”
Mechanical properties of two-dimensional materials and their applications (2018, methodology): “For fine control of the vacancy-defect density, low-energy Ar-beam irradiation was also used on the surface of monolayer graphene [25].”
A review on mechanics and mechanical properties of 2D materials—Graphene and beyond (2016, methodology): “A recent experiment reported surprising results for the in-plane stiffness of graphene [7], opening a question on the effects of defects and statistical rippling.”
Novel effects of strains in graphene and other two dimensional materials (2015, background): “Young Modulus as a function of the defects density[218] (see main text).”