Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes with manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles.

By R. Ullah, Joydeep Dutta. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008

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Optical and photocatalytic properties of La-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared via precipitation and mechanical milling method (2013, background): “In addition, the properties of other metal dopants such as Al, Ta, Sn, Cu, Cd, Pd, Cr and Mn on the ZnO properties were also investigated [26–33].”
Degradation of wastewaters containing organic dyes photocatalysed by zinc oxide: a review (2012, background): “Substitutional Mn 3+ or Mn 4+ in the interstitial position of ZnO was reported to act primarily as charge-carrier recombination center that shunted effective charge carriers away from the solid-solution interface with a net quenching in the photocatalytic activity [104,105] .”
Functional Oxide Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for the Removal of Heavy Metals and Dyes (2013, background): “However, it has been reported that the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 can be enhanced, either by doping with transition metal ions (Fe, Bi, Ag and V) and rare-earth metal ions (Nd, Gd), or by the surface modification of the crystalline structure, as they could significantly influence charge carrier”
Structural, optical, photo catalytic and antibacterial activity of ZnO and Co doped ZnO nanoparticles (2011, background): “We assume that this lower photodegradation maybe due to the faster recombination of electron–hole pair [12].”