A faunistic approach to assess potential side-effects of genetically modified Bt-Corn on non-target arthropods under field conditions

By M. Candolfi, K. Brown, C. Grimm, B. Reber, Heinz Schmidli. 2004

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Assessing the risks of insect resistant transgenic plants on entomophagous arthropods Bt-maize expressing Cry1Ab as a case study (2003, result): “However, several field studies assessing the effects of Bt-maize have been requested by regulatory agencies and results confirm our observations that Bt-maize poses no risk to chrysopids (Orr and Landis, 1997; Pilcher et al., 1997b; Wold et al., 2001; Bourguet et al., 2002; Candolfi et al., 2004).”
Transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins and biological control (2006, background): “, which has been confirmed by a number of field studie”
Abundance of non-target pests in transgenic Bt-maize: A farm scale study (2005, background): “…& Shelton, 2003; De la Poza et al., 2005) or the laboratory (Orr & Landis, 1997; Zwahlen et al., 2000; Al-Deeb et al., 2001; Dutton et al., 2002; Candolfi et al., 2004; Pons et al., 2004) except for the lacewing Chrysoperla carnea Stephens fed on lepidopterous larvae (Hilbeck, 1998; Dutton et…”