Use of phase change materials for thermal energy storage in concrete: An overview

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Mechanical properties and microscale changes of geopolymer concrete and Portland cement concrete containing micro-encapsulated phase change materials (2017, positive): “The heat is released when the temperature decreases at night, causing the PCM to solidify [1].”
Smart concretes and structures: A review (2015, background): “As shown in Figure 32, PCMs absorb surplus heat by melting the PCMs during the daytime, while they become solid and the heat is released back into the environment in cooler nights (Ling and Poon, 2013).”
Phase Change Materials and Products for Building Applications: A State-of-the-Art Review and Future Research Opportunities (2015, background): “However, PCM concrete has shown some undesirable properties such as lower strength, uncertain long-term stability and lower fire resistance (Ling and Poon [74]).”
Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical behavior of geopolymer concrete and Portland cement concrete containing micro-encapsulated phase change materials (2019, background): “When the temperature decreases, the PCM releases the excess heat by solidification [13,14].”