High genetic diversity and relative specificity among Symbiodinium-like endosymbiotic dinoflagellates in soritid foraminiferans

By Pochon X., P. J, Zaninetti L., Rowan R.. 2001

266 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract. Soritids are large calcareous foraminiferans abundant in Indo-Pacific coral reefs. Soritids are known to host endosymbionts morphologically and genetically similar to Symbiodinium-like dinoflagellates commonly found in corals and other marine invertebrates. In order to examine the phylogenetic relationships between symbionts present in foraminiferal and coelenterate hosts, we used DNA sequencing and PCR-based RFLP methods to analyse 157 foraminiferal and 110 coral DNA samples from 12 localities in Guam (Micronesia) collected in July 1999 and December 1999. Ribosomal DNA sequences were obtained for 14 foraminiferal and 12 coral samples. Sequence analyses allowed identification of six different Symbiodinium phylotypes among soritids and two phylotypes among examined coelenterates. A single phylotype, previously described as lineage C, was common in foraminiferans and corals. The PCR-based RFLP analysis of 157 foraminiferal and 110 coral samples shows that lineage C dominates coral symbiont communities, accounting for 78% in both sampling periods. On the other hand, our data show that lineages C and Fr6 dominated foraminiferal symbiont communities in July 1999 versus a clear predominance of lineages C and Fr3 in November 1999. The other three phylotypes present in soritids (Fr1, Fr4, Fr5) were uncommon and seem to occur seasonally. The phylogenetic analysis of the present data indicates relative specificity of soritid symbionts compared to other Symbiodinium-like dinoflagellates, but the causes of this specificity are not yet understood.

Subfields: Ecology, Oceanography

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5e2cddd4a8c6491a0fb0c1f3c09834e444912ad1

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Citations in the corpus

The role of microorganisms in coral health, disease and evolution (2007, background): “Molecular evidence has since demonstrated that the genus Symbiodinium is exceptionally diverse, containing multiple tax”
Symbiodinium sp. associations in the gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae in the Bahamas: high levels of genetic variability and population structure in symbiotic dinoflagellates (2003, background): “8S- (LaJeunesse 2001) and large subunit (28S)-rDNA (Pawlowski et al. 2001; Pochon et al. 2001) groupSymbiodinium sp.”
Methods for sampling free-living Symbiodinium (zooxanthellae) and their distribution and abundance at Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef) (2008, unknown): “There are currently eleven named species of Symbiodinium and phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA [including the small subunit (SSU) or 18S rDNA (Rowan and Powers, 1991a,b; McNally et al., 1994) and the large subunit (LSU) or 28S rDNA (Wilcox,1998; Pochon et al., 2001 )] and the chloropla”
Closely related Symbiodinium spp. differ in relative dominance in coral reef host communities across environmental, latitudinal and biogeographic gradients (2004, methodology): “Sister lineages to Clade C represented by Fr1 (sensu Pochon et al. 2001) and F1 in Clade F (Symbiodinium kawagutii; LaJeunesse 2001) were used as outgroups (GenBank Sequences AJ291520 and AF333515).”
Symbiont diversity in scleractinian corals from tropical reefs and subtropical non-reef communities in Taiwan (2005, background): “…(Rowan and Powers 1991a, 1991b; Rowan and Knowlton 1995; Baker and Rowan 1997; Baker et al. 1997; Hunter et al. 1997; Rowan et al. 1997; Wiclox 1998; Carlos et al. 1999; Baillie et al. 2000; LaJeunesse 2001; Pochon et al. 2001; Toller et al. 2001a, 2001b; van Oppen et al. 2001; Santos et al. 2002).”
Geographic distribution of zooxanthella types in three coral species on the Great Barrier Reef sampled after the 2002 bleaching event (2005, unknown): “Symbiodinium G mostly associates with Foraminiferae ( Pochon et al. 2001 ).”
Bleaching Resistance and the Role of Algal Endosymbionts (2009, background): “... 2005a 6 Chen et al. 2005b 7 Baker et al. 2004, unpublished data 8 Visram and Douglas 2006 9 M. Goodson et al., unpublished data 10 Huang et al. 2006 11 McClanahan et al. 2005 12 Loh et al. 2001 13 van Oppen et al. 2001 14 Rodriguez-Lanetty et al. 2003 15 LaJeunesse et al. 2004a 16 Rodriguez-Lane”
Diversity and community structure of symbiotic dinoflagellates from Caribbean coral reefs (2002, background): “LaJeunesse Department of Botany, Plant Sciences Building, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA, e-mail: lajeunes@dogwood.botany.uga.edu, Tel.: +1-706-5420279, Fax: +1-706-5421805 Trench 2000; LaJeunesse 2001; Pawlowski 2001; Pochon et al. 2001; Van Oppen et al. 2001).”
Low symbiont diversity in southern Great Barrier Reef corals, relative to those of the Caribbean (2003, background): “Molecular methods and the use of genetic markers have enhanced our understanding of symbiont systematics, ecology, and evolution (Schoenberg and Trench 1980a; Rowan and Powers 1991; LaJeunesse 2001, 2002; Pochon et al. 2001).”
Specificity in communities of Symbiodinium in corals from Johnston Atoll (2009, methodology): “Partial 5.8S, the entire ITS2 and partial 28S rDNA genes in Symbiodinium were amplified in PCR using itsD (Pochon et al. 2001; forward; 5’-GTG AAT TGC AGA ACT CCG TG-3’, 5 pmol) and its2rev2 (reverse; 5’-CCT CCG CTTACT TATATG CTT-3’, 5 pmol) primers and 0.5 U of Immolase (Bioline) in a 25 µl…”
High diversity and host specificity observed among symbiotic dinoflagellates in reef coral communities from Hawaii (2004, methodology): “Sister lineages Fr1 (sensu Pochon et al. 2001) and type F1 in clade F (Symbiodinium kawagutii (LaJeunesse 2001)) were used as outgroups (Genbank sequences AJ291520 and AF333515).”
One-year survey of a single Micronesian reef reveals extraordinarily rich diversity of Symbiodinium types in soritid foraminifera (2007, methodology): “Although no evidence for sensu stricto co-evolution between the soritids and their symbionts exists, a high degree of host–symbiont speciWcity has also been observed at lower taxonomic levels, not only at the sub-familial (Soritinae) level, but also within each of the three soritid genera (Sorites, ”
Mode of zooxanthella transmission does not affect zooxanthella diversity in acroporid corals (2004, background): “Interestingly, the closest relatives of Symbiodinium CAE are found in soritid foraminiferans, which also show maternal transmission during asexual reproduction, the primary mode of reproduction in these organisms ( Pochon et al. 2001 ).”
Flexibility and Specificity in Coral-Algal Symbiosis: Diversity, Ecology, and Biogeography of Symbiodinium (2003, unknown): “However, sequence analysis of partial LSU sequences from both nuclear and chloroplast rDNA (Pochon et al. 2001, Santos et al. 2002a) reveal that the symbionts referred to asSymbiodinium E by Toller et al. (2001a,b) are distantly related members of the same clade as the D-type originally identified…”
Biogeographic partitioning and host specialization among foraminiferan dinoflagellate symbionts (Symbiodinium; Dinophyta) (2004, methodology): “Clade C is the only major Symbiodinium lineage known to associate consistently with invertebrates, foraminifera, and other protists (Pochon et al. 2001; Lobban et al. 2002).”
Predominance of clade D Symbiodinium in shallow-water reef-building corals off Kish and Larak Islands (Persian Gulf, Iran) (2007, unknown): “The most common genetic markers used for Symbiodinium clade identiWcation include ITS 1 and 2 (LaJeunesse et al. 2003; van Oppen et al. 2001), SSU (Rowan and Powers 1992), LSU (Baker 1999; Loh et al. 2001; Pochon et al. 2001 ) and Chloroplast rDNA (Santos et al. 2002).”