The I.A.N.A. task force on frailty assessment of older people in clinical practice

By G. V. van Kan, Y. Rolland, Howard Bergman, J. Morley, S. Kritchevsky, Bruno Vellas. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 2008

1,044 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Frailty is a commonly used term indicating older persons at increased risk for adverse outcomes such as onset of disability, morbidity, institutionalisation or mortality or who experience a failure to integrate adequate responses in the face of stress. Although most physicians caring for older people recognize the importance of frailty, there is still a lack of both consensus definition and consensual clinical assessment tools. The aim of the present manuscript was to perform a comprehensive review of the definitions and assessment tools on frailty in clinical practice and research, combining evidence derived from a systematic review of literature along with an expert opinion of a European, Canadian and American Geriatric Advisory Panel (GAP). There was no consensus on a definition of frailty but there was agreement to consider frailty as a pre-disability stage. Being disability a consequence rather than the cause of frailty, frail older people do not necessary need to be disabled. The GAP considered that disability (as a consequence of frailty) should not be included in frailty definitions and assessment tools. Although no consensual assessment tool could be proposed, gait speed could represent the most suitable instrument to be implemented both in research and clinical evaluation of older people, as assessment of gait speed at usual pace is a quick, inexpensive and highly reliable measure of frailty.

Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Physiology

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Citations in the corpus

A SIMPLE FRAILTY QUESTIONNAIRE (FRAIL) PREDICTS OUTCOMES IN MIDDLE AGED AFRICAN AMERICANS (2012, background): “A useful frailty scale should be able to predict future disability before the person becomes disabled (9).”
Relationship between depression and frailty in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (2017, background): “…P. Soysal et al. / Ageing Research Reviews 36 (2017) 78–87 a t n L fi 3 ( a ( i l b ( m 3 3 a 8 T b i r nd loss of weight (≥3 criteria) (Abellan van Kan et al., 2008); he adapted frailty index including the following: wasting, weakess, slowness, fatigue or exhaustion, and falls (n = 1)…”
The Tilburg Frailty Indicator: psychometric properties. (2010, background): “Some endorse the importance of the social domain in relation to the occurrence of adverse outcomes.(5,6) More and more researchers are becoming convinced of the multidimensional nature of frailty.”
Sarcopenia: Its assessment, etiology, pathogenesis, consequences and future perspectives (2008, background): “Sarcopenia is assumed to be a major component in the development of frailty (23, 24), but that assumption depends on the operational definition used.”
Frailty Syndrome: A Transitional State in a Dynamic Process (2009, background): “These results show that the currently recognized working definition of frailty is inadequate, as cognitive performance should be included in the assessment of frailty [”
Searching for an operational definition of frailty: a Delphi method based consensus statement: the frailty operative definition-consensus conference project. (2013, background): “There is to date no clear consensus regarding the definition of frailty (2,3).”
Cognitive frailty: Rational and definition from an (I.A.N.A./I.A.G.G.) International Consensus Group (2013, neutral): “…loss, exhaustion and low physical activity (11). although the physical phenotype of frailty has been validated and used in a number of studies (14, 15, 19, 20) many investigators have suggested a broader multidomain phenotype of frailty which is not limited strictly to the physical domain yet…”