Dark Energy in Light of Multi-Messenger Gravitational-Wave Astronomy

By J. Ezquiaga, M. Zumalacárregui. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 2018

186 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Gravitational waves (GWs) provide a new tool to probe the nature of dark energy (DE) and the fundamental properties of gravity. We review the different ways in which GWs can be used to test gravity and models for late-time cosmic acceleration. Lagrangian-based gravitational theories beyond general relativity (GR) are classified into those breaking fundamental assumptions, containing additional fields and massive graviton(s). In addition to Lagrangian based theories we present the effective theory of DE and the $\mu$-$\Sigma$ parametrization as general descriptions of cosmological gravity. Multi-messenger GW detections can be used to measure the cosmological expansion (standard sirens), providing an independent test of the DE equation of state and measuring the Hubble parameter. Several key tests of gravity involve the cosmological propagation of GWs, including anomalous GW speed, massive graviton excitations, Lorentz violating dispersion relation, modified GW luminosity distance and additional polarizations, which may also induce GW oscillations. We summarize present constraints and their impact on DE models, including those arising from the binary neutron star merger GW170817. Upgrades of LIGO-Virgo detectors to design sensitivity and the next generation facilities such as LISA or Einstein Telescope will significantly improve these constraints in the next two decades.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5d1cc863eee1aacc5ce1c215c0d3eac3222319a9

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Citations in the corpus

Dark energy and modified gravity in degenerate higher-order scalar–tensor (DHOST) theories: A review (2018, unknown): “[101] for a review and references therein).”
Stellar structure models in modified theories of gravity: Lessons and challenges (2019, background): “Nowadays, many such modified theories of gravity are heavily constrained from multimessenger astronomy [65].”
Modified Gravity and Cosmology (2021, background): “At the cosmological background level, an additional friction that adds to the Hubble one appears, and this modifies the amplitude of the waves, whereas an effective (anomalous) mass and consequent atypical speed alter the phase [56].”
Effective field theory of dark energy: A review (2019, background): “An experimentum crucis for the GWs in cosmology will be the future LISA mission [231] with sensitivity near 10−3 Hz.”
Gravitational wave decay into dark energy (2018, background): “al the speed of GWs may be dierent from the speed of light [3,4]. The recent observations put severe bounds on this possibility and therefore strong constraints on some DE models [5,6,7,8]. See also [9]|and references therein|for a review. In this paper we want to study another phenomenon that is po”
Testing modified gravity at cosmological distances with LISA standard sirens (2019, background): “The physical consequences of these parameters have been discussed at length in the literature (see [18] for a review on their implications for GW astronomy).”
Unveiling the gravitational universe at μ-Hz frequencies (2019, background): “They will not, however, be detected in sufficient number to yield competitive constraints on the Hubble constant or the equation of state of dark energy, but will be extremely useful to test deviation in the cosmological propagation of GWs [38].”