Heart Rate Variability: Measurement and Clinical Utility

By R. Kleiger, P. Stein, J. Bigger. Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 2005

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A healthy heart is not a metronome: an integrative review of the heart's anatomy and heart rate variability (2014, background): “While the RMSSD is correlated with HF power (Kleiger et al., 2005), the influence of respiration rate on this index is uncertain (Schipke et al., 1999; Pentillä et al., 2001).”
An Overview of Heart Rate Variability Metrics and Norms (2017, methodology): “High-frequency power is highly correlated with the pNN50 and RMSSD time-domain measures (10).”
Heart Rate Variability in Psychology: A Review of HRV Indices and an Analysis Tutorial (2021, background): “There are also mixed findings regarding the exact physiological mechanisms underlying ULF and VLF components [20,27], with the former often being associated with very low-frequency biological processes such as circadian rhythms or metabolisms [55,56] and the latter with body temperature regulation a”
Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Vagal Tone in Psychophysiological Research – Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data Reporting (2017, background): “The root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) reflects vagal tone (Thayer and Lane, 2000; Kleiger et al., 2005) and is highly correlated with high-frequency (HF) HRV (Kleiger et al., 2005).”