HOW COMPLEX IS THAT SENTENCE? A PROPOSED REVISION OF THE ROSENBERG AND ABBEDUTO D-LEVEL SCALE

By Michael A. Covington, Congzhou He, Cati Brown, Lorina Naçi, John Brown. 2006

68 citations recorded by the source corpus.

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Citations in the corpus

The GEM Benchmark: Natural Language Generation, its Evaluation and Metrics (2021, methodology): “To characterise sentence complexity we use the developmental level scale proposed by Covington et al. (2006).10 Although Turk and ASSET contain similar input sentences, the human references in Turk were created without allowing sentence splits and ASSET was created by encouraging annotators to…”
Evaluating the State-of-the-Art of End-to-End Natural Language Generation: The E2E NLG Challenge (2019, methodology): “We used the D-Level Analyser (Lu 2009) to evaluate the syntactic complexity of human references in our data using the revised D-Level Scale (Covington et al. 2006).”
Analysing Data-To-Text Generation Benchmarks (2017, positive): “The system uses the revised D-Level Scale proposed by (Covington et al., 2006) which consists of the following eight levels: (0) simple sentences, including questions (1) infinitive or -ing complement”
Automatic Construction of Evaluation Suites for Natural Language Generation Datasets (2021, methodology): “To characterize sentence complexity, we follow [42] and use the 8-level developmental level scale proposed by [43], using the implementation provided by [44] (see scale in Appendix B).”
Automatic analysis of syntactic complexity in second language writing (2010, background): “…complexity measures rank syntactic structures based on patterns of syntactic development or frequency of use, e.g. Developmental Level (D-Level) (Covington et al. 2006, Rosenberg & Abbeduto 1987), Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS) (Lee 1974), and Index of Productive Syntax (IPSyn)…”
A Good Sample is Hard to Find: Noise Injection Sampling and Self-Training for Neural Language Generation Models (2019, methodology): “The D-Level analyser automatically categorizes the syntactic complexities of an utter-ance into one of eight categories, with eight being the most complex, based on the revised Developmental Level scale ( Rosenberg and 1987; Covington et al., 2006).”
SLURP: A Spoken Language Understanding Resource Package (2020, methodology): “…Next, we use the D-Level Analyser (Lu, 2009) to evaluate the syntactic complexity of user utterances according to the revised D-Level scale (Covington et al., 2006), where higher levels correspond to more complex, deeper syntactic structures, e.g. 0-1 levels include simple sentences, while…”
Automatic Measurement of Syntactic Complexity Using the Revised Developmental Level Scale (2008, methodology): “Several constructions defined in the D-Level Scale involve identifying noun phrases in subject or object position.”