Air pollution and children's health.

By Jasmine Schwartz. Pediatrics, 2004

681 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Children's exposure to air pollution is a special concern because their immune system and lungs are not fully developed when exposure begins, raising the possibility of different responses than seen in adults. In addition, children spend more time outside, where the concentrations of pollution from traffic, powerplants, and other combustion sources are generally higher. Although air pollution has long been thought to exacerbate minor acute illnesses, recent studies have suggested that air pollution, particularly traffic-related pollution, is associated with infant mortality and the development of asthma and atopy. Other studies have associated particulate air pollution with acute bronchitis in children and demonstrated that rates of bronchitis and chronic cough declined in areas where particle concentrations have fallen. More mixed results have been reported for lung function. Overall, evidence for effects of air pollution on children have been growing, and effects are seen at concentrations that are common today. Although many of these associations seem likely to be causal, others require and warrant additional investigation.

Subfields: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Speech and Hearing

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Citations in the corpus

What Do We Know About Short and Long Term Effects of Early Life Exposure to Pollution (2014, positive): “…exposures because their immune and other bodily systems are still developing and they often engage in behaviors that increase their exposure to toxic chemicals and organisms; e.g., they spend more time outside than adults do (Makri et al. 2004, Schwartz 2004, Bateson&Schwartz 2007, EPA2013).”
Environment, Health, and Human Capital (2013, positive): “For example , children tend to be more vulnerable because limita - tions in their immune system and partial lung development make it difcult for them to cope with environmental assaults ( Schwartz 2004 ) .”
The role of urban neighbourhood green space in children's emotional and behavioural resilience (2014, positive): “Fourth, green space is associated with air quality which promotes physical health (Schwartz, 2004), another correlate of behavioural adjustment.”
Exposure to traffic-related air pollution and risk of development of childhood asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (2017, background): “Early-life and childhood could represent critical exposure windows for asthma development due to the plasticity and susceptibility of target organs and systems during these developmental periods and the long maturation period of the respiratory, immune and detoxification systems (Schwartz, 2004; Wri”
Health effects of particulate air pollution: A review of epidemiological evidence (2011, background): “Schwartz (Schwartz, 2004) pointed out a series of summer camp studies in his review, where children were exposed almost all day long due to the living conditions at the camp.”
Traffic Congestion and Infant Health: Evidence from E-Zpass (2009, neutral): “See Schwartz (2004) and Glinianaia et al. (2004b) for reviews. al.”