A Longitudinal Big Data Approach for Precision Health

By S. M. Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose, K. Contrepois, K. Moneghetti, Wenyu Zhou, Tejaswini Mishra, S. Mataraso, O. Dagan‐Rosenfeld, Ariel B. Ganz, Jessilyn Dunn, Daniel Hornburg and 20 more. Nature Medicine, 2019

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Precision health relies on the ability to assess disease risk at an individual level, detect early preclinical conditions and initiate preventive strategies. Recent technological advances in omics and wearable monitoring enable deep molecular and physiological profiling and may provide important tools for precision health. We explored the ability of deep longitudinal profiling to make health-related discoveries, identify clinically relevant molecular pathways and affect behavior in a prospective longitudinal cohort (n = 109) enriched for risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The cohort underwent integrative personalized omics profiling from samples collected quarterly for up to 8 years (median, 2.8 years) using clinical measures and emerging technologies including genome, immunome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, microbiome and wearable monitoring. We discovered more than 67 clinically actionable health discoveries and identified multiple molecular pathways associated with metabolic, cardiovascular and oncologic pathophysiology. We developed prediction models for insulin resistance by using omics measurements, illustrating their potential to replace burdensome tests. Finally, study participation led the majority of participants to implement diet and exercise changes. Altogether, we conclude that deep longitudinal profiling can lead to actionable health discoveries and provide relevant information for precision health. Personalized omics profiling can lead to actionable health discoveries and stimulate lifestyle changes.

Subfields: Genetics, Molecular Biology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/59755487e71adc7d78c8917f8c401c2d083c21f3

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The Need for Multi-Omics Biomarker Signatures in Precision Medicine (2019, background): “Initially proposed and started by longitudinally profiling a single individual over time with a broad set of omics approaches and clinical tests [82], the project has expanded and explored both the impact of lifestyle changes on long-term health, such as a brief weight gain followed by a weight loss”