Endothelial cell control of thrombosis

By Jonathan W. Yau, H. Teoh, S. Verma. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 2015

620 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Hemostasis encompasses a set of tightly regulated processes that govern blood clotting, platelet activation, and vascular repair. Upon vascular injury, the hemostatic system initiates a series of vascular events and activates extravascular receptors that act in concert to seal off the damage. Blood clotting is subsequently attenuated by a plethora of inhibitors that prevent excessive clot formation and eventual thrombosis. The endothelium which resides at the interface between the blood and surrounding tissues, serves an integral role in the hemostatic system. Depending on specific tissue needs and local stresses, endothelial cells are capable of evoking either antithrombotic or prothrombotic events. Healthy endothelial cells express antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents that prevent platelet aggregation and fibrin formation, respectively. In the face of endothelial dysfunction, endothelial cells trigger fibrin formation, as well as platelet adhesion and aggregation. Finally, endothelial cells release pro-fibrinolytic agents that initiate fibrinolysis to degrade the clot. Taken together, a functional endothelium is essential to maintain hemostasis and prevent thrombosis. Thus, a greater understanding into the role of the endothelium can provide new avenues for exploration and novel therapies for the management of thromboembolisms.

Subfields: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Hematology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/589faaa4d27f4f711537fa75249d8e41fc956eb8

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Citations in the corpus

Endothelial Dysfunction and Hypertension. (2016, background): “…with increased values of ET-1, homocysteine and vascular VEGF accompanying with a decrease in NO in WCH (Tabak et al. 2009; Uzun et al. 2004; Karter et al. 2004; Curgunlu et al. 2005a; Curgunlu et al. 2005b; Caner et al. 2006; Marchi-Alves and Carnio 2009; Lengyel et al. 2012; Yavuzer et al. 2015).”
Endothelial Dysfunction in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases and Beyond: From Mechanism to Pharmacotherapies (2021, background): “Endothelial cells participate in all major hemostatic events after vascular injury and restrict clot formation to the specific areas that require hemostasis to restore vascular integrity (Verhamme and Hoylaerts, 2006; Yau et al., 2015).”
Blood-Contacting Biomaterials: In Vitro Evaluation of the Hemocompatibility (2018, background): “In addition, damaged endothelial cells secrete von Willebrand factor (vWF), which can bind to the collagen in the exposed subendothelial layer and mediate the adhesion of circulating platelets (Yau et al., 2015) to form a seal at the damaged area.”