Interferon-stimulated genes and their antiviral effector functions

By John W. Schoggins, Charles M. Rice. Current Opinion in Virology, 2011

1,282 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Many viruses trigger the type I interferon (IFN) system, leading to the transcription of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). The products of these ISGs exert numerous antiviral effector functions, many of which are still not fully described. Recent efforts have been aimed at identifying which ISGs are antiviral and further characterizing their mechanisms of action. IFN effectors vary widely in their magnitude of inhibitory activity and display combinatorial antiviral properties. Collectively, ISGs can target almost any step in a virus life cycle. Some of the most potent antiviral effectors reinforce the system by further inducing IFN or ISGs. Other genes enhance or facilitate viral replication, suggesting that some viruses may have evolved to co-opt IFN effectors for a survival advantage.

Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology, Oncology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/586316e4ba8fae180a835b3898cbcb2b9d7c7c60

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In Immunology

1. Anna Marie Pyle
2. Megan E. Fitzgerald
3. A. Iwasaki
4. T. Dickey
5. Wenshuai Wang
6. Michael S. Diamond
7. O. Potapova
8. A. García‐Sastre

In Molecular Biology

1. Anna Marie Pyle
2. Manolis Kellis
3. Megan E. Fitzgerald
4. Paul Flicek
5. Daniel R. Zerbino
6. T. Dickey
7. Benedict Paten
8. Fiona Cunningham

In Oncology

1. Anna Marie Pyle
2. Michael S. Diamond
3. A. Iwasaki
4. Zemin Zhang
5. Herbert W. Virgin
6. Wenshuai Wang

Citations in the corpus

• A minimal RNA ligand for potent RIG-I activation in living mice (2017, background): “Type I IFNs induce hundreds of genes, collectively known as IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), which have a variety of antiviral effector functions (7, 8).”
• Pan-viral specificity of IFN-induced genes reveals new roles for cGAS in innate immunity (2013, methodology): “TagRFP lentivirus; (2) HIV gag-pol; and (3) the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) in a ratio of 1:0.”
• COVID-19 immune features revealed by a large-scale single-cell transcriptome atlas (2021, positive): “Since interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) are typically associated with viral RNA sensing (Schoggins and Rice, 2011), we next examined the expression of ISGs in these cells (Figures 4F and S4B; Table S4).”
• Type I and Type III Interferons – Induction, Signaling, Evasion, and Application to Combat COVID-19 (2020, background): “RLRs use the 50 cap to distinguish viral RNA from host mRNA.”
• GENCODE 2021 (2020, methodology): “We also included genes curated by UniProt (4) and the Human Cell Atlas project (16) as well as interferonstimulated genes with known antiviral activity (17).”