Saponin rich tropical fruits affect fermentation and methanogenesis in faunated and defaunated rumen fluid

By H. Hess, M. Kreuzer, T. E. Díaz, C. Lascano, J. Carulla, C. Soliva, A. Machmüller. 2003

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Potential of phytofactors to mitigate rumen ammonia and methane production. (2010, background): “…schidigera, Sapindus saponaria, Frangula alnus, Sapindus rarak, indicate a possibility of the effect of these compounds on the process of methanogenesis in the rumen (Ningrat et al., 2002; Śliwiński et al., 2002a; Hess et al., 2003, 2004; García-González et al., 2008, 2010; Wang et al., 2009).”
Effects of addition of tea saponins and soybean oil on methane production, fermentation and microbial population in the rumen of growing lambs (2010, background): “saponaria) have been reported (Hess et al., 2003), but without effects on methanogens.”
In vitro screening of the potential of numerous plant species as antimethanogenic feed additives for ruminants (2008, background): “Identification of the phytochemical fractions involved in reduction of methane production is difficult (Scehovic, 1999), as tannins (Hess et al., 2003), saponins (Lila et al.”