Thermodynamics from Information

By M. N. Bera, Andreas J. Winter, Maciej Lewenstein. 2018

421 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Thermodynamics and information have intricate inter-relations. The justification of the fact that information is physical, is done by inter-linking information and thermodynamics – through Landauer’s principle. This modern approach towards information recently has improved our understanding of thermodynamics, both in classical and quantum domains. Here we show thermodynamics as a consequence of information conservation. Our approach can be applied to most general situations, where systems and thermal-baths could be quantum, of arbitrary sizes and even could posses inter-system correlations. The approach does not rely on an a priori predetermined temperature associated to a thermal bath, which is not meaningful for finite-size cases. Hence, the thermal-baths and systems are not different, rather both are treated on an equal footing. This results in a “temperature”-independent formulation of thermodynamics. We exploit the fact that, for a fix amount of coarse-grained information, measured by the von Neumann entropy, any system can be transformed to a state that possesses minimal energy, without changing its entropy. This state is known as a completely passive state, which assumes Boltzmann–Gibb’s canonical form with an intrinsic temperature. This leads us to introduce the notions of bound and free energy, which we further use to quantify heat and work respectively. With this guiding principle of information conservation, we develop universal notions of equilibrium, heat and work, Landauer’s principle and also universal fundamental laws of thermodynamics. We show that the maximum efficiency of a quantum engine, equipped with a finite baths, is in general lower than that of an ideal Carnot’s engine. We also introduce a resource theoretic framework for intrinsic-temperature based thermodynamics, within which we address the problem of work extraction and state transformations.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/57bcc3d0be91f6999493f7ae5afc87a06c4adb12

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Citations in the corpus

Experiments in Stochastic Thermodynamics: Short History and Perspectives (2017, background): “Equations (29) and (30) generalize the second law of thermodynamics, taking into account the amount of information introduced into the system [142,145].”
Inverse statistical problems: from the inverse Ising problem to data science (2017, background): “We will refer to F [q] ≡ U [q] − S[q] as the functional Helmholtz free energy, also called the non-equilibrium free energy in the context of non-equilibrium statistical physics [171].”
Quantum thermodynamics (2015, background): “A recent review provides a detailed discussion of feedback in classical fluctuation theorems [31].”
A free energy principle for a particular physics (2019, background): “There are many prescient connections between entanglement, quantum information theory and thermodynamics that speak to this bridge (D'Alessio et al., 2016; Esposito et al., 2009; Parrondo et al., 2015); in particular, quantum fluctuation theorems (Alhambra et al.”
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Chemical Reaction Networks: Wisdom from Stochastic Thermodynamics (2016, result): “This result is reminiscent of the nonequilibrium Landauer’s principle derived in Stochastic Thermodynamics [43] and which proved very useful to study the energetic cost of information processing [45].”