Gender

By A. Hood. 2019

. The article presents artistic projects in which the issue of gender is actualized. The above was carried out from the position of post-humanist ideas through the study of the impact of the development of technologies on modern socio-cultural processes. Thus, the projects created in different genres were analyzed, including post-cinema (“Night Walk for Edinburgh”, “A Total Jizzfest”) aimed at chang-ing gender perceptions in society, Ellen Pearlman’s opera “Emotionally intelligent” Artificially Intelligent Brainwave Opera” (AIBO), in which, thanks to the involvement of artificial intelligence as an actor, gender opposition is reinforced. The Female Laptop Orchestra (FLO) project is dedicated to the support of female creativity, which, thanks to the involvement of information and communication tools, com-bines music creation with research in its activity. An important aspect of the considered projects is defined as interactivity, which is im-plemented by involving the viewer in the process of their creation. It was found that, on the one hand, the digital virtual space made it possible to reduce the importance of social roles or gender affili-ation, thereby leveling the stereotype of the opposition between the author’s masculinity and femininity. On the other hand, with the development of machine learning technologies, a new opposition between the human author and the artificial intelligence in the same ca-pacity is gradually emerging.

Subfields: AI Ethics, Fairness & Society

Citations in the corpus

TyDi QA: A Benchmark for Information-Seeking Question Answering in Typologically Diverse Languages (2020, neutral): “…pronouns. d English has grammatical gender only in third person personal and possessive pronouns. e Kiswahili has morphological noun classes (Corbett, 1991), but here we note sex-based gender systems. f In Korean, tokens are often separated by white space, but prescriptive spacing…”
Toward Gender-Inclusive Coreference Resolution (2019, neutral): “As observed by Bucholtz [1999]: “Attempts to read linguistic structure directly for information about social gender are often misguided.”
Counterfactual Data Augmentation for Mitigating Gender Stereotypes in Languages with Rich Morphology (2019, neutral): “Moreover, because English does not mark grammatical gender, approaches developed for English are not transferable to morphologically rich languages that exhibit gender agreement (Corbett, 1991).”
Examining Gender Bias in Languages with Grammatical Gender (2019, neutral): “Grammatical Gender The number of grammatical gender classes ranges from two to several tens (Corbett, 1991).”
Knowing When to Ask: The Cost of Leaning In (2020, unknown): “For survey papers on gender differences in such preferences, see Croson and Gneezy (2009), Bertrand (2011), and Niederle (2016).”
Do Women Give Up Competing More Easily? Evidence from the Lab and the Dutch Math Olympiad (2016, unknown): “…and Plug 2018; Buser, Peter, and 1 This result has been replicated numerous times ( see Croson and Gneezy 2009, Niederle and Vesterlund 2011, and Niederle 2016 for surveys . started A separate literature by Gneezy, Niederle, and Rustichini ( 2003 ) shows that men’s performance tends to increase…”
A Survey on Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing (2021, unknown): “Depending on the language, the number of grammatical gender classes ranges from two (e.g.,masculine and feminine in French, Hindi, and Latvian) to several tens (in Bantu languages and Tuyuca) [Corbett 1991].”
Toward Understanding Remote Workers’ Management of Work–Family Boundaries: The Complexity of Workplace Embeddedness (2017, unknown): “Gender role theory proposes that there are differences in what are considered acceptable behaviors for men and women (Eagly, Wood, & Diekman, 2000; Wood & Eagly, 2010).”
Quantifying the Semantic Core of Gender Systems (2019, unknown): “to be present in all gendered languages (Aksenov, 1984; Corbett, 1991).”
Global Evidence on Economic Preferences* (2018, unknown): “preferences are relatively universal or specific to certain cultures or development levels, or perhaps the product of publication bias (Gneezy et al., 2009; Niederle, 2014).”
Intersectionality and energy transitions: A review of gender, social equity and low-carbon energy (2020, unknown): “’s [124] case in rural Peru demonstrates that while men are likely to have more options to extend their leisurely activities with the time they saved on labour due to the introduction of renewable electrification, women tend to sacrifice their leisurely time to increase the family’s income or comple”
Biosocial Construction of Sex Differences and Similarities in Behavior (2012, unknown): “Gender roles guide behavior because people experience social and personal pressures to conform to them (Eagly, 1987; Eagly, Wood, & Diekman, 2000; Wood & Eagly, 2010).”
Toward Gender-Inclusive Coreference Resolution: An Analysis of Gender and Bias Throughout the Machine Learning Lifecycle* (2021, unknown): “Our discussion of linguistic gender largely follows (Corbett 1991; Ochs 1992; Craig 1994; Corbett 2013; Hellinger and Motschenbacher 2015), departing from earlier characterizations that postulate a direct mapping from language to gender (Lako ﬀ 1975; Silverstein 1979).”
Gender Socialization during Adolescence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries : Conceptualization, influences and outcomes (2017, unknown): “Like all social systems of difference, gender is relational, and constitutes “the structure of social relations that centres on the reproductive arena, and the set of practices that bring reproductive distinctions between bodies into social processes” (Connell, 2002, p. 10).”
Automatically Identifying Gender Issues in Machine Translation using Perturbations (2020, unknown): “Gender-marking languages have rich grammatical systems for expressing gender (Corbett, 1991).”