Insect immunity. Purification and properties of three inducible bactericidal proteins from hemolymph of immunized pupae of Hyalophora cecropia.

By D. Hultmark, H. Steiner, T. Rasmuson, H. G. Boman. European Journal of Biochemistry, 2005

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Antimicrobial peptides: key components of the innate immune system (2012, background): “In a following series of investigations in 1980, Boman and his group showed that a 35 amino acid molecule (cecropin) is responsible for the strong antibacterial activity (Hultmark et al., 1980; Steiner et al., 1981).”
Insect immunity and its signalling: an overview (2010, background): “cecropia after injection with bacteria (Hultmark et al., 1980; Steiner et al., 1981).”
Antimicrobial Peptides (2013, methodology): “For example, using silk moth as a model system, Hultmark and colleagues [27] demonstrated that P9A and P9B can be induced in hemolymph by vaccination with Enterobacter cloacae.”
Lysozymes in the animal kingdom (2010, background): “…for many insect orders, including the Diptera (e.g. mosquitos, Hernandez et al. 2003; Gao and Fallon 2000), the Lepidoptera (e.g. moths, Hultmark et al. 1980; Lee and Brey 1995; Abraham et al. 1995; Fujimoto et al. 2001; Bae and Kim 2003; Kim and Yoe 2003; Gorman et al. 2004; Gandhe et…”
The Roles of Antimicrobial Peptides in Innate Host Defense (2009, background): “Subsequently, it was discovered that phagocytic cells produce intracellular cationic AMPs in response to infection [9], as did innate immune cells in insects [10]).”