Freeze casting of hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
By Sylvain Deville, E. Saiz, A. Tomsia. Biomaterials, 2006
848 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Although extensive efforts have been put into the development of porous scaffolds for bone regeneration, with encouraging results, all porous materials have a common limitation: the inherent lack of strength associated with porosity. Hence, the development of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds has been hindered to non-load bearing applications. We report here how freeze casting can be applied to synthesize porous scaffolds exhibiting unusually high compressive strength, e.g. up to 145 MPa for 47% porosity and 65 MPa for 56% porosity. The materials are characterized by well-defined pore connectivity along with directional and completely open porosity. Various parameters affecting the porosity and compressive strength have been investigated, including initial slurry concentration, freezing rate, and sintering conditions. The implications and potential application as bone substitute are discussed. These results might open the way for hydroxyapatite-based materials designed for load-bearing applications. The biological response of these materials is yet to be tested.
Subfields: Biomaterials, Biomedical Engineering, Surgery
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5527709d270382f2483727a05918da230359e6ab
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Citations in the corpus
- Investigation of structure formation during freeze-casting from very slow to very fast solidification velocities (2011, background): “Furthermore, the total porosity is also affected by the solids content of the suspension [9, 10].”