Commensal bacteria at the interface of host metabolism and the immune system
By Jonathan R. Brestoff, D. Artis. Nature Immunology, 2013
894 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The mammalian gastrointestinal tract, the site of digestion and nutrient absorption, harbors trillions of beneficial commensal microbes from all three domains of life. Commensal bacteria, in particular, are key participants in the digestion of food, and are responsible for the extraction and synthesis of nutrients and other metabolites that are essential for the maintenance of mammalian health. Many of these nutrients and metabolites derived from commensal bacteria have been implicated in the development, homeostasis and function of the immune system, suggesting that commensal bacteria may influence host immunity via nutrient- and metabolite-dependent mechanisms. Here we review the current knowledge of how commensal bacteria regulate the production and bioavailability of immunomodulatory, diet-dependent nutrients and metabolites and discuss how these commensal bacteria–derived products may regulate the development and function of the mammalian immune system.
Subfields: Emergency Medical Services, Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Dietetics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/543d43b4d7f208fc29bdf3693f2a89b581208644
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Citations in the corpus
- Microbiota-modulated metabolites shape the intestinal microenvironment by regulating NLRP6 inflammasome signaling (2015, background): “Taurine is a bile acid component modulated by commensal bacteria, which plays multiple roles in regulation of immune and metabolic processes (Brestoff and Artis, 2013).”
- Unifying the analysis of high-throughput sequencing datasets: characterizing RNA-seq, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and selective growth experiments by compositional data analysis (2014, background): “Introduction The rapid expansion of microbiome [1-5] and probiotic [6-9] research over the past 10 years and the many spinoffs providing novel insights into human and animal diseases, as well as products designed to alleviate them, have been primarily driven by sizeable funding from developed countr”
- Antibiotic-Induced Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota and Disease. (2016, background): “For example, commensal bacteria convert primary bile acids into secondary bile acids and they also produce vitamins of the B and K groups, and ferment otherwise indigestible plant-derived fibers producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that feed enterocytes and modulate immune functions [2,3].”
- Impact of antibiotics on the human microbiome and consequences for host health (2022, background): “These signaling molecules either serve as a source of energy for other cells, regulate or modulate the function of immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, T cells via G‐protein coupled receptor and nuclear receptor family, free fatty acid receptors (Brestoff & Artis, 2013).”
- Oncology meets immunology: the cancer-immunity cycle. (2013, background): “…by many currently unmeasured variables, Immunity 39, July 25, 2013 ª2013 Elsevier Inc. 7 including any given patient’s gut microbiome, their diet, and whether they contract an underlying infection (Brestoff and Artis, 2013; James et al., 2012, Rothman and Paterson, 2013; Xu et al., 2012).”
- Understanding the Holobiont: How microbial metabolites affect human health and shape the immune system (2017, background): “This includes cells of the immune system: bile acids reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines from monocytes, macrophages, DCs, and the hepatic macrophages known as Kupffer cells (Brestoff and Artis, 2013; Martinot et al., 2017).”
- What is the Healthy Gut Microbiota Composition? A Changing Ecosystem across Age, Environment, Diet, and Diseases (2019, background): “Moreover, recent studies have identified a critical role for commensal bacteria and their products in regulating the development, homeostasis, and function of innate and adaptive immune cells [11].”