Effects of dietary carbohydrate level on growth and body composition of juvenile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus

By Yong Wang, Yong‐jian Liu, L. Tian, Z. Du, Ji-Teng Wang, Sheng Wang, Wei Xiao. 2005

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A growth trial was conducted to feed juvenile tilapia (initial weight,9.1 � 0.1g), Oreochromis niloticusO. aureus, isonitrogenous diets for 8 weeks. Six diets were formulated containing 29% crude protein from casein and gelatin, 10% crude fat from soybean oil and re¢ned soybean lecithin and varying levels of corn starch ranging from 6% to 46% at increments of 8%, with corresponding energy to protein (E/P )r a- tios of 35.6, 37.9, 40.2, 42.5, 44.8 and 47.1kJ g � 1 . Weight gain (WG), speci¢c growth rate, feed e⁄- ciency ratio and protein e⁄ciency ratio were signi¢- cantly higher in ¢sh fed diets with starch � 22% (or E/P ratio � 40.2 kJ g � 1 )t han in ¢sh fed diets with 6% or 14% starch (or E/P ratio of 35.6 or 37.9 kJ g � 1 ). No further improvement was measured when dietary starch content increased beyond 22%. Body protein retention showed the same general pattern as WG, and was highest in ¢sh fed the 22% starch diet. Body composition was signi¢cantly aiected by dietary starch level. Fish fed diets with starch � 30% had signi¢cantly higher lipid content than ¢sh fed diets with 6% or 14% starch. Ash content was negatively correlated with starch inclusion level, but moisture and protein contents did not show discernible trends among treatments. Results indicate that hybrid tila- pia can utilize 46% dietary starch without growth re- tardation, while 22% starch in feed for juvenile tilapia containing 29% protein and 10% lipid, or an E/P ratio of 37.9 kJ g � 1 is optimal.

Subfields: Animal Science and Zoology, Aquatic Science, Immunology

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