The universe seen at different scales

By G. Ellis, T. Buchert. 2005

173 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract A large-scale smoothed-out model of the universe ignores small-scale inhomogeneities, but the averaged effects of those inhomogeneities may alter both observational and dynamical relations at the larger scale. This Letter discusses these effects, and comments briefly on the relation to gravitational entropy.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/537bd00d81461d6824092da8e1086ffd6014ff1d

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In Astronomy and Astrophysics

Citations in the corpus

Dark Energy from structure: a status report (2007, background): “geometry for which several different strategies are conceivable. Some of those strategies do not distinguish between extrinsic and intrinsic averaging (e.g. [196], [62], [63], and other references in [72]). A comparison of such a more ‘synthetic’ approach with a pure kinematical averaging that leave”
Issues in the Philosophy of Cosmology (2006, background): “These could possibly be dynamically significant [67], but this is a matter of dispute.”
The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: the transition to large-scale cosmic homogeneity (2012, background): “Since the Einstein equations are nonlinear, density fluctuations can affect the evolution of the average properties of the volume – this is known as the ‘backreaction mechanism’ (e.g. Buchert (2000), Ellis & Buchert (2005), Li & Schwarz (2007); see Räsänen (2011) for a summary).”
Cosmology and Fundamental Physics with the Euclid Satellite (2012, background): “3 Backreaction of inhomogeneities on overall expansion Besides the observational effects of inhomogeneities on the propagation of photons, it has been argued [995, 701, 454] that large-scale structures could – due to the nonlinear nature of gravity – affect the way the homogeneous and isotropic back”
Backreaction in Late-Time Cosmology (2011, background): “There are a number of reviews with comprehensive lists of references [7–13].”