Design and Stability of Load-Side Primary Frequency Control in Power Systems

By Changhong Zhao, Ufuk Topcu, Na Li, Steven H. Low. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2013

452 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We present a systematic method to design ubiquitous continuous fast-acting distributed load control for primary frequency regulation in power networks, by formulating an optimal load control (OLC) problem where the objective is to minimize the aggregate cost of tracking an operating point subject to power balance over the network. We prove that the swing dynamics and the branch power flows, coupled with frequency-based load control, serve as a distributed primal-dual algorithm to solve OLC. We establish the global asymptotic stability of a multimachine network under such type of load-side primary frequency control. These results imply that the local frequency deviations on each bus convey exactly the right information about the global power imbalance for the loads to make individual decisions that turn out to be globally optimal. Simulations confirm that the proposed algorithm can rebalance power and resynchronize bus frequencies after a disturbance with significantly improved transient performance.

Subfields: Control and Systems Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/536e3918c04571998281d0305d69100ff0637a1c

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Citations in the corpus

Initialization-free distributed algorithms for optimal resource allocation with feasibility constraints and application to economic dispatch of power systems (2015, background): “So far, many DEDP works (such as Zhao, Topcu, Li, & Low (2014), Zhang, Liu, Wang, Liu, & Ferrese (2015) and Cherukuri, & Cort´es (2015) and Cherukuri & Cort´es (2014)) have only considered the box-like LFCs.”
Power systems with high renewable energy sources: A review of inertia and frequency control strategies over time (2019, background): “The primary frequency control (PFC) operates at a timescale up to low tens of seconds and uses a governor to adjust the mechanical power input around a set-point based on the local frequency deviation [100].”
Consensus + Innovations Approach for Distributed Multiagent Coordination in a Microgrid (2015, methodology): “approach and the primal-dual distributed algorithms such as presented in [20] utilize local innovation terms.”