Precipitation Reactions in Age-Hardenable Alloys During Laser Additive Manufacturing

By E. Jägle, Z. Sheng, Liang Wu, L. Lu, J. Risse, A. Weisheit, Dierk Raabe. 2016

167 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We describe and study the thermal profiles experienced by various age-hardenable alloys during laser additive manufacturing (LAM), employing two different manufacturing techniques: selective laser melting and laser metal deposition. Using scanning electron microscopy and atom probe tomography, we reveal at which stages during the manufacturing process desired and undesired precipitation reactions can occur in age-hardenable alloys. Using examples from a maraging steel, a nickel-base superalloy and a scandium-containing aluminium alloy, we demonstrate that precipitation can already occur during the production of the powders used as starting material, during the deposition of material (i.e. during solidification and subsequent cooling), during the intrinsic heat treatment effected by LAM (i.e. in the heat affected zones) and, naturally, during an ageing post-heat treatment. These examples demonstrate the importance of understanding and controlling the thermal profile during the entire additive manufacturing cycle of age-hardenable materials including powder synthesis.

Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/529b053ca53940e7f08f7de06ed2c97d71bd94bd

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In Mechanical Engineering

1. M. Laleh
2. M. Moyle
3. Maurizio Vedani
4. S. Primig
5. R. Casati
6. N. Haghdadi
7. K. Kourousis

Citations in the corpus

• Effects of Platform Pre-Heating and Thermal-Treatment Strategies on Properties of AlSi10Mg Alloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting (2018, background): “Jägle and co-workers [30] deeply investigated the effects of the thermal cycles experienced in various age-hardenable alloys during SLM and laser metal deposition.”
• Additive manufacturing of steels: a review of achievements and challenges (2020, background): “[113] Jägle EA, Sheng Z, Wu L, Lu L, Risse J, Weisheit A, Raabe D (2016) Precipitation reactions in age-hardenable alloys”
• Plastic anisotropy of additively manufactured maraging steel: Influence of the build orientation and heat treatments (2019, methodology): “The SEM observed cellular morphology is believed to be a major contributor to the strength difference between AM as-built versus the solution-annealed conventionally produced alloy, which in-contrast does not display retained austenite in its microstructure, and exhibits random parent grains, each c”