A survey on LPWA technology: LoRa and NB-IoT

By R. Sinha, Yiqiao Wei, Seung-Hoon Hwang. ICT express, 2017

924 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract By 2020, more than twenty five billion devices would be connected through wireless communications. In accordance with the rapid growth of the internet of things (IoT) market, low power wide area (LPWA) technologies have become popular. In various LPWA technologies, narrowband (NB)-IoT and long range (LoRa) are two leading technologies. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on NB-IoT and LoRa as efficient solutions connecting the devices. It is shown that unlicensed LoRa has advantages in terms of battery lifetime, capacity, and cost. Meanwhile, licensed NB-IoT offers benefits in terms of QoS, latency, reliability, and range.

Subfields: Computer Networks and Communications, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/511956f120c72f9cf1fd18901c90ad6578cc1cdb

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In Computer Networks and Communications

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Citations in the corpus

A Survey on LoRa Networking: Research Problems, Current Solutions, and Open Issues (2019, background): “Different from the above mentioned surveys [9], [16], our survey is focused on LoRa networks.”
Federated Machine Learning: Survey, Multi-Level Classification, Desirable Criteria and Future Directions in Communication and Networking Systems (2021, background): “Such an approach is perfect to be adopted with IoT devices that rely on communication technologies that support limited payload size such as Long Range (LoRa) and Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) [37].”
Blockchain's adoption in IoT: The challenges, and a way forward (2019, neutral): “There is an essential requirement for integration of IoT communication protocols such as BTLE, Bluetooth, 6LoWPAN, 802.15.4, Zigbee, LoRaWAN, etc., with blockchain for TX record, future verification and possible monetization [136].”
A Systematic Survey of Industrial Internet of Things Security: Requirements and Fog Computing Opportunities (2020, neutral): “are LPWAN technologies [229].”
A Survey on Scalable LoRaWAN for Massive IoT: Recent Advances, Potentials, and Challenges (2022, background): “The authors of [30], [32] provided a comparative study of LoRa and NB-IoT technologies, finding that based on the unlicensed spectrum, LoRa”
The internet of things for smart manufacturing: A review (2019, background): “In addition, there are long-range and wide-area network protocols such as SigFox (Sanchez-Iborra and Cano, 2016), Neul (Neul, 2018), LoRaWAN (Sinha et al. , 2017), and cellular communication technologies.”
An Overview of Internet of Things (IoT) and Data Analytics in Agriculture: Benefits and Challenges (2018, background): “1) Interference: The deployment of massive IoT devices for agricultural and other purposes will cause interference problems especially with the IoT devices using the unlicensed spectrum, such as ZigBee, Wi-Fi, Sigfox, and LoRa (see Table II).”
Anatomy of Threats to the Internet of Things (2019, background): “sumption, QoS (Quality of Service), low data transmission rate, low latency and low costs [50], [51].”
UAV-Assisted Data Collection for Internet of Things: A Survey (2022, background): “In order to expand the bandwidth of WSN, 800/900/1800/2100 MHz of 4G (4th generation mobile communication system) [135] and 5.”
Overview of Cellular LPWAN Technologies for IoT Deployment: Sigfox, LoRaWAN, and NB-IoT (2018, background): “total surface ≈ 45000 km 2 ) is entirely covered by only seven Sigfox base stations [8].”
Review of IoT applications in agro-industrial and environmental fields (2017, result): “For example, in a recent survey by Sinha et al. (2017), authors found that LoRa is the best option for smart agriculture applications.”
Security of the Internet of Things: Vulnerabilities, Attacks, and Countermeasures (2019, background): “E.g., readers that are interested in the security of LoRaWAN can refer to following works: Butun et al. [20], [21], Eldefrawy et al. [22], Haxhibeqiri et al. [23], and Sinha et al. [24].”
Edge-computing-driven Internet of Things: A Survey (2022, neutral): “Long-distance communication protocols include NB-IoT [5], LoRaWAN [165], and 5G [14].”
A Survey of IoT Applications in Blockchain Systems (2020, background): “In view of the scale of IoT connectivity, with the development of communication technologies such as LoRa, NB-IoT [Sinha et al. 2017] and 5G [Andrews et al.”