On Probabilistic Shaping of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation for the Nonlinear Fiber Channel

By Tobias Fehenberger, A. Alvarado, Georg Böcherer, Norbert Hanik. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2016

309 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Different aspects of probabilistic shaping for a multispan optical communication system are studied. First, a numerical analysis of the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel investigates the effect of using a small number of input probability mass functions (PMFs) for a range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), instead of optimizing the constellation shaping for each SNR. It is shown that if a small penalty of at most 0.1 dB SNR to the full shaping gain is acceptable, just two shaped PMFs are required per quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) over a large SNR range. For a multispan wavelength division multiplexing optical fiber system with 64QAM input, it is shown that just one PMF is required to achieve large gains over uniform input for distances from 1400 to 3000 km. Using recently developed theoretical models that extend the Gaussian noise (GN) model and full-field split-step simulations, we illustrate the ramifications of probabilistic shaping on the effective SNR after fiber propagation. Our results show that, for a fixed average optical launch power, a shaping gain is obtained for the noise contributions from fiber amplifiers and modulation-independent nonlinear interference (NLI), whereas shaping simultaneously causes a penalty as it leads to an increased NLI. However, this nonlinear shaping loss is found to have a relatively minor impact, and optimizing the shaped PMF with a modulation-dependent GN model confirms that the PMF found for AWGN is also a good choice for a multi-span fiber system.

Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/509e94e7d867d2ae91f4235c7ecee7a8c41da2ae

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

Peter J. Winzer

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Citations in the corpus

Probabilistic Constellation Shaping for Optical Fiber Communications (2019, background): “Nevertheless, the combination of GCS and PCS to combat channel nonlinearities [31], [32] is not yet a completely resolved problem.”
The Gaussian Noise Model in the Presence of Inter-Channel Stimulated Raman Scattering (2017, background): “Additionally, modern optical transmission systems make use of probabilistically shaped constellations which increases the prediction accuracy [34].”