Effects of a partially closed area in the North Sea (“plaice box”) on stock development of plaice

By M. Pastoors, A. Rijnsdorp, F. Beek. 2000

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Changes in the North Sea fish community: evidence of indirect effects of fishing? (2003, result): “The recent recovery suggests a local decline in fishing effort, which is consistent with the introduction of the plaice box in the early 1990s (Pastoors et al., 2000).”
Bio‐energetics underpins the spatial response of North Sea plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) and sole (Solea solea L.) to climate change (2012, background): “For example, the ‘plaice box’, an area closed to fishing for large vessels (Pastoors et al., 2000), was established in 1989 based on knowledge of the spatial segregation between juvenile and adult fish.”
Partial fishing mortality per fishing trip: a useful indicator of effective fishing effort in mixed demersal fisheries (2006, background): “The fleet operates in the offshore waters of the North Sea beyond the 12-mile coastal zone and outside the plaice box (Pastoors et al., 2000).”
Changes in the spatial distribution of North Sea plaice ( Pleuronectes platessa) and implications for fisheries management (2007, background): “discarding in the waters outside the Plaice Box has increased (ICES, 1999; Pastoors et al., 2000), and plaice have been discarded at smaller lengths outside the Plaice Box in recent years (own obs.”
Evaluating effectiveness of time/area closures, quotas/caps, and fleet communications to reduce fisheries bycatch (2014, background): “box (Pastoors et al., 2000), the negative ecological consequences”