Near room-temperature formation of a skyrmion crystal in thin-films of the helimagnet FeGe.

By Xiuzhen Yu, N. Kanazawa, Y. Onose, K. Kimoto, Weizhu Zhang, S. Ishiwata, Y. Matsui, Y. Tokura. Nature Materials, 2011

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Room-temperature chiral magnetic skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic nanostructures. (2016, background): “Although predicted at the end of the 80’s [1], chiral skyrmion lattices and isolated skyrmions were observed only recently in B-20-type bulk or thin film chiral magnets [6] such as MnSi [3], Fe1−xCoxSi [24], FeGe [25], Mn1−xFexGe [26] and in ultrathin magnetic films composed of Fe or PdFe monolayers”
Ginzburg-Landau theory for skyrmions in inversion-symmetric magnets with competing interactions (2015, background): “Skyrmions were found in metals [3, 17], semiconductors [18] and insulators [6, 19].”
Current-induced skyrmion dynamics in constricted geometries. (2013, background): “Skyrmion-crystals are experimentally observed both in bulk samples [2, 3] and thin-plate specimens [5, 6].”
Very large Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in two-dimensional Janus manganese dichalcogenides and its application to realize skyrmion states (2019, result): “kyrmions enlarges the period of the helix in such metastable states. It is also important to notice that our skyrmions are stable in zero field in contrast to the situation in many magnetic compounds [6, 7] and FM/HM heterostructures [15, 16, 17] in which a magnetic field is needed to stabilize the ”
Skyrmions in magnetic multilayers (2017, methodology): “facilitated by transfer of the spin angular momentum [17, 52, 58, 67].”