Continuous variable quantum cryptography using coherent states.

By F. Grosshans, Philippe Grangier. Physical Review Letters, 2001

1,197 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We propose several methods for quantum key distribution (QKD) based on the generation and transmission of random distributions of coherent or squeezed states, and we show that they are secure against individual eavesdropping attacks. These protocols require that the transmission of the optical line between Alice and Bob is larger than 50%, but they do not rely on "sub-shot-noise" features such as squeezing. Their security is a direct consequence of the no-cloning theorem, which limits the signal-to-noise ratio of possible quantum measurements on the transmission line. Our approach can also be used for evaluating various QKD protocols using light with Gaussian statistics.

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4f559579619080efdebe46c381252c13632f27f9

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In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

Citations in the corpus

Continuous‐Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Gaussian Modulation—The Theory of Practical Implementations (2017, background): “ promising alternative. Firstly proposed with discrete [5, 6, 7] and Gaussian [8] encoding of squeezed states, the concept was soon developed further to Gaussian-modulated CV-QKD with coherent states [9, 10, 11, 12]. The advantage of CV-QKD over DV-QKD lies in the ecient, high-rate and cost-eective ”
A quantum-enhanced prototype gravitational-wave detector (2008, background): “Squeezed states are a useful ingredient for quantum teleportation [15], quantum cryptography [16], and quantum lithography [17], but these applications are yet to reach the stage of practical implementation, in part due to the complexity and technical challenges of working with squeezed states.”
5. Squeezed Light (2014, neutral): “The value of Fc reaching a value of 2/3, known as the no-cloning fidelity [62], guarantees that nobody else can have a better copy of the input state than Bob.”
Analog information processing at the quantum limit with a Josephson ring modulator (2008, background): “As the output signals can have many real microwave photons, such a device could be used for analog quantum encryption[28].”
Long-distance continuous-variable quantum key distribution over 202.81 km fiber (2020, methodology): “The most known CV-QKD protocol is the seminal GG02 protocol: this is based on the Gaussian modulation of the amplitudes of coherent states and homodyne detection of the channel output which is randomly switched between the two quadratures [12, 13].”
Practical challenges in quantum key distribution (2016, neutral): “On the other hand, in continuous-variable (CV) QKD protocols information is encoded in the quadratures of the quantised electromagnetic ﬁ eld, such as those of coherent states, 36,37 and homodyne or heterodyne detection techniques are used in this case.”
Advances in quantum cryptography (2019, positive): “One of the breakthrough in CV QKD was the introduction of the reverse reconciliation (RR) [373], where it is Alice to infer Bob’s outcomes β, rather than Bob guessing Alice’s encodings α, known as direct reconciliation (DR).”