Input-output theory for waveguide QED with an ensemble of inhomogeneous atoms

By Kevin Lalumière, Barry C. Sanders, A. V. Loo, Arkady Fedorov, Andreas Wallraff, Alexandre Blais. 2013

257 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We study the collective effects that emerge in waveguide quantum electrodynamics where several (artificial) atoms are coupled to a one-dimensional superconducting transmission line. Since single microwave photons can travel without loss for a long distance along the line, real and virtual photons emitted by one atom can be reabsorbed or scattered by a second atom. Depending on the distance between the atoms, this collective effect can lead to super- and subradiance or to a coherent exchange-type interaction between the atoms. Changing the artificial atoms transition frequencies, something which can be easily done with superconducting qubits (two levels artificial atoms), is equivalent to changing the atom-atom separation and thereby opens the possibility to study the characteristics of these collective effects. To study this waveguide quantum electrodynamics system, we extend previous work and present an effective master equation valid for an ensemble of inhomogeneous atoms driven by a coherent state. Using input-output theory, we compute analytically and numerically the elastic and inelastic scattering and show how these quantities reveal information about collective effects. These theoretical results are compatible with recent experimental results using transmon qubits coupled to a superconducting one-dimensional transmission line [van Loo (unpublished)].

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4e942f1589393d0ed45bc3085c297ce58b148c09

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Citations in the corpus

On-demand directional microwave photon emission using waveguide quantum electrodynamics (2022, methodology): “Additionally, it is the only spatial separation for which there is no correlated dissipation between the qubits [28], which would further disturb the interference.”
Quantum matter built from nanoscopic lattices of atoms and photons (2018, unknown): “(7) motivates the following effective Hamiltonian (Dzsotjan, Sorensen, and Fleischhauer, 2010; Gonzalez-Tudela et al., 2011; Chang et al., 2012; Lalumiere et al., 2013): H̃1D ¼ −iðΓ1D=2Þ X j;l eik0jzj−zljσjegσlge − iðΓ0=2Þ X j σjee: ð10Þ Here k0 ¼ kðωegÞ represents the propagation wave vector at…”
Subradiant states of quantum bits coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide (2018, background): “ut the quantum electromagnetic environment in the Markovian regime, one nds that emission of photons into the waveguide leads to cooperative emission and exchange-type interactions between the qubits [19,21,24,26,27]. The dynamics of the qubit density matrix ˆcan be described by a master equation of”
Colloquium: Strongly interacting photons in one-dimensional continuum (2016, background): “For example, photon-mediated interaction between distant emitters, as recently demonstrated in 1D (Lalumière et al., 2013; van Loo et al., 2013), can be used to generate long-range entanglement between the emitters (Gonzalez-Tudela et al., 2011; Greenberg and Shtygashev, 2015; Zheng and Baranger,…”
Microwave photonics with superconducting quantum circuits (2017, background): “Interference effects for two atoms in an open waveguide [656].”