Demographic and behavioral comparisons of suburban and rural American Crows

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Experimental demonstration of an ecological trap for a wild bird in a human-transformed environment (2016, background): “…especially when animals are attracted to the massive presence of artificial human-fabricated cues, cues that reflected true habitat quality in rich natural environments, but that are misleading in a transformed, poor, urbanized environment (MacGowan, 2001; Marzluff, 2001; Robertson et al., 2013).”
Causes and consequences of expanding American Crow populations (2001, methodology): “Young crows are also frequently killed by automobiles, suggesting low survival in urban areas, although McGowan (2001) found first year survival was higher in suburban than rural areas (Table 17.4).”