Photocurrent measurements of supercollision cooling in graphene
By M. Graham, Sufei Shi, D. Ralph, Jiwoong Park, Paul L. McEuen. Nature Physics, 2012
309 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The cooling of hot electrons in graphene is the critical process underlying the operation of exciting new graphene-based optoelectronic and plasmonic devices, but the nature of this cooling is controversial. We extract the hot-electron cooling rate near the Fermi level by using graphene as a novel photothermal thermometer that measures the electron temperature (T(t)) as it cools dynamically. We find the photocurrent generated from graphene p–n junctions is well described by the energy dissipation rate CdT/dt = −A(T3−Tl3), where the heat capacity is C = αT and Tl is the base lattice temperature. These results are in disagreement with predictions of electron–phonon emission in a disorder-free graphene system, but in excellent quantitative agreement with recent predictions of a disorder-enhanced supercollision cooling mechanism. We find that the supercollision model provides a complete and unified picture of energy loss near the Fermi level over the wide range of electronic (15 to ∼ 3,000 K) and lattice (10–295 K) temperatures investigated. A time-dependent study of the effective temperature of carriers in impurity-free graphene now indicates that a disorder-assisted mechanism is responsible for cooling hot electrons. Observation of this so-called supercollision contradicts the idea that electron–phonon interactions dominate cooling.
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4d7f3b1de38b6b847cb28fef5e1ee29a8e68d92f
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Citations in the corpus
- High frequency electric field induced nonlinear effects in graphene (2013, background): “Naturally, nonlinear effects have attracted attention in graphene [45, 46], where a number of phenomena, including second [47–51] and third [48, 52–54] harmonic generation, frequency mixing [48, 52, 55–57], photon drag effects [58–60], chiral edge photocurrents [61], “bulk” photogalvanic effects [62”