The Electrification of Severe Storms

By Earle Williams. 2001

183 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Materials Chemistry, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4d6778fe1de650a130019f618a252032df877dae

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. E. Mansell
2. C. Ziegler
3. D. MacGorman
4. C. Saunders
5. Jerry M. Straka
6. V. Rakov
7. K. Wiens
8. Sarah A. Tessendorf

In Materials Chemistry

1. V. Rakov
2. Sarah A. Tessendorf
3. K. Wiens
4. Earle Williams

In Plant Science

1. E. Mansell
2. D. MacGorman
3. C. Ziegler
4. Jerry M. Straka
5. V. Rakov
6. K. Wiens
7. Sarah A. Tessendorf

Citations in the corpus

• The 29 June 2000 Supercell Observed during STEPS. Part I: Kinematics and Microphysics (2005, background): “This storm produced copious amounts of large hail (up to 5 cm), an F1 tornado, as well as extraordinary intracloud (IC) flash rates ( 300 min ; Williams 2001) and frequent positive cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning strikes.”
• Laboratory studies of the effect of cloud conditions on graupel/crystal charge transfer in thunderstorm electrification (2006, background): “Williams (2001) noted that the differences in laboratory results between Takahashi (1978) and Saunders et al. (1991) had not been resolved at that time, thus holding up a resolution of the issue of the charge transfer mechanism.”
• The 29 June 2000 Supercell Observed during STEPS. Part II: Lightning and Charge Structure (2005, unknown): “As discussed in Williams (2001), hail is unlikely to be a major player in charge separation because of its minuscule integrated surface area available for collisional charging (compared to an equivalent mass of graupel).”
• The relationship between lightning activity and ice fluxes in thunderstorms (2008, background): “Thus the integrated hail surface area that can undergo collisions with ice crystals is much smaller compared to the integrated surface area from a much higher number concentration of graupel pellets [Williams, 2001].”
• Lightning and climate: A review (2005, background): “The positive lightning flashes in MCC’s (Huang et al, 1999; Lyons et al, 2003) are likely the most extreme energetically, and are causal to sprites in the mesosphere (Williams, 2001).”
• Numerically Simulated Electrification and Lightning of the 29 June 2000 STEPS Supercell Storm (2006, background): “Several studies [including the above studies of (cid:1) CG flashes, as well as MacGorman et al. (2001), Gilmore and Wicker (2002), MacGorman et al. (2005), and Williams (2001)] have examined the conditions needed to produce (cid:1) CG flashes.”
• A REVIEW OF POSITIVE AND BIPOLAR LIGHTNING DISCHARGES (2003, background): “More recently, some severe storms have been observed (e.g., Seimon 1993; MacGorman and Burgess 1994; Stolzenburg 1994; Perez et al. 1997; Carey and Rutledge 1998; Williams 2001) in which the positive flashes detected by lightning locating systems, such as the NLDN, occurred relatively frequently and”