Solution-state 2D NMR of Ball-milled Plant Cell Wall Gels in DMSO-d6

By Hoon Kim, J. Ralph, T. Akiyama. Bioenergy Research, 2008

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Quantitative structural characterization of the lignins from the stem and pith of bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) (2013, background): “However, the results from 2D-HSQC are only relative values because response factors are required for the p -coumarate estimation in lignins (Kim and Ralph 2010 ).”
Structural analysis for lignin characteristics in biomass straw (2013, background): “It is worth mentioning that structural characterisation of lignin could be directly investigated by NMR techniques via non-derivatization solvent systems, such as DMSO-d6/NMI-d6 [73], DMSO-d6 [74] and DMSO-d6/pyridine-d5 (as gelling solvent) [75].”
Recent Advances in Characterization of Lignin Polymer by Solution-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Methodology (2013, methodology): “(1) Whole cell wall dissolved system [dimethylsulfoxide/N-methylimidazole (DMSO/NMI, 2:1)] was used to dissolve the cell wall or treated cell wall followed by acetylation, precipitation into water, freeze-drying, and then dissolution in CDCl3 or DMSO-d6; (2) The swelling of the ball-milled cell wall”
Lignin Biosynthesis and Structure1 (2010, background): “…isolates, such as so-called “cellulolytic enzyme lignin,” in which most of the polysaccharides are removed by treatment with crude cellulases, or when using unfractionated whole cell wall material, either fully dissolved or simply swollen in the gel state (Yelle et al., 2008; Kim and Ralph, 2010).”