Colloquium: Momentum of an electromagnetic wave in dielectric media

By R. Pfeifer, T. Nieminen, N. Heckenberg, Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop. 2007

367 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Almost a hundred years ago, two different expressions were proposed for the energy-momentum tensor of an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric. Minkowski's tensor predicted an increase in the linear momentum of the wave on entering a dielectric medium, whereas Abraham's tensor predicted its decrease. Theoretical arguments were advanced in favour of both sides, and experiments proved incapable of distinguishing between the two. Yet more forms were proposed, each with their advocates who considered the form that they were proposing to be the one true tensor. This paper reviews the debate and its eventual conclusion: that no electromagnetic wave energy-momentum tensor is complete on its own. When the appropriate accompanying energy-momentum tensor for the material medium is also considered, experimental predictions of all the various proposed tensors will always be the same, and the preferred form is therefore effectively a matter of personal choice.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4a66e3b1336e2b934a5cd85291a7798014b7f6d4

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Citations in the corpus

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Fundamentals and Applications of Slow Light (2010, background): “In vacuum, the momentum carried by a photon is simply ~ω/c, but electromagnetic momentum in a dielectric medium is a subject that have been extensively studied both theoretically and experimentally [39], and the debate of the correct form of the momentum density of an electromagnetic field or the mo”
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