Large-Scale MIMO Detection for 3GPP LTE: Algorithms and FPGA Implementations

By Michael Wu, Bei Yin, Guohui Wang, Chris Dick, Joseph R. Cavallaro, Christoph Studer. IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Signal Processing, 2014

374 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Large-scale (or massive) multiple-input multiple-out put (MIMO) is expected to be one of the key technologies in next-generation multi-user cellular systems based on the upcoming 3GPP LTE Release 12 standard, for example. In this work, we propose-to the best of our knowledge-the first VLSI design enabling high-throughput data detection in single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA)-based large-scale MIMO systems. We propose a new approximate matrix inversion algorithm relying on a Neumann series expansion, which substantially reduces the complexity of linear data detection. We analyze the associated error, and we compare its performance and complexity to those of an exact linear detector. We present corresponding VLSI architectures, which perform exact and approximate soft-output detection for large-scale MIMO systems with various antenna/user configurations. Reference implementation results for a Xilinx Virtex-7 XC7VX980T FPGA show that our designs are able to achieve more than 600 Mb/s for a 128 antenna, 8 user 3GPP LTE-based large-scale MIMO system. We finally provide a performance/complexity trade-off comparison using the presented FPGA designs, which reveals that the detector circuit of choice is determined by the ratio between BS antennas and users, as well as the desired error-rate performance.

Subfields: Computer Networks and Communications, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/49c1d8dcb7916f15f28087c1c2efc63b01f0a0a1

How researchers see this paper

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In Computer Networks and Communications

1. Lajos Hanzo
2. Shaoshi Yang
3. Mahmoud A. M. Albreem
4. Shahriar Shahabuddin
5. Markku J. Juntti

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

1. Shahriar Shahabuddin
2. Markku J. Juntti
3. Mahmoud A. M. Albreem
4. Shaoshi Yang
5. Lajos Hanzo

Citations in the corpus

• Fifty Years of MIMO Detection: The Road to Large-Scale MIMOs (2015, methodology): “of an LS-MIMO detector invoking the truncated Neumann series expansion technique was reported in [340], [341], which achieves a data rate of 3.”
• Massive MIMO Detection Techniques: A Survey (2019, background): “diagonlisation of the entries in the Gram matrix or Gramian G = HH H, where the non-diagonal components tend to zero and diagonal terms become closer to N [44], [52].”