IgG Subclasses and Allotypes: From Structure to Effector Functions
By G. Vidarsson, G. Dekkers, T. Rispens. Frontiers in Immunology, 2014
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Of the five immunoglobulin isotypes, immunoglobulin G (IgG) is most abundant in human serum. The four subclasses, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, which are highly conserved, differ in their constant region, particularly in their hinges and upper CH2 domains. These regions are involved in binding to both IgG-Fc receptors (FcγR) and C1q. As a result, the different subclasses have different effector functions, both in terms of triggering FcγR-expressing cells, resulting in phagocytosis or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and activating complement. The Fc-regions also contain a binding epitope for the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), responsible for the extended half-life, placental transport, and bidirectional transport of IgG to mucosal surfaces. However, FcRn is also expressed in myeloid cells, where it participates in both phagocytosis and antigen presentation together with classical FcγR and complement. How these properties, IgG-polymorphisms and post-translational modification of the antibodies in the form of glycosylation, affect IgG-function will be the focus of the current review.
Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/492b0b910dc849db69d103ec963f5e8e33d748eb
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Citations in the corpus
- Pharmacokinetics of Monoclonal Antibodies (2017, neutral): “) 143–178 (Springer, New York, NY, 2013). 3. Vidarsson, G., Dekkers, G. & Rispens, T. IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions. Front. Immunol. 5, 520 (2014). 4. Dirks, N.L. & Meibohm, B. Population pharmacokinetics of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Clin. Pharmacokinet.”
- Potent Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Identified by High-Throughput Single-Cell Sequencing of Convalescent Patients’ B Cells (2020, neutral): “First, only enriched clonotypes containing IgG1-expressing B cells were selected (Figure 1C and S3A), since IgG1-expressing B cells respond strongly to viral stimuli (Vidarsson et al., 2014).”
- Antibody distance from the cell membrane regulates antibody effector mechanisms (2017, background): “Recently, hIgG3 has been investigated as an alternative to hIgG1 because of its superior engagement of FcgR (55) and binding of C1q (47).”