Dramatic performance gains in vanadium redox flow batteries through modified cell architecture

By D. Aaron, Qinghua Liu, Zhijiang Tang, G. Grim, A. Papandrew, A. Turhan, T. Zawodzinski, Matthew M. Mench. 2012

438 citations recorded by the source corpus.

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Copper nanoparticle-deposited graphite felt electrodes for all vanadium redox flow batteries (2016, background): “To reduce the cost of the power stack as well as the whole system, one approach is to operate the VRFBs at high current densities without sacrificing energy efficiency, best expressed as high power density [20].”
Recent developments in organic redox flow batteries: A critical review (2017, methodology): “5 mA cm) [139, 148, 158] were used, many of the existing systems suffer from low power outputs and energy densities (< 15 W h dm) [58].”
Vanadium redox flow batteries: a technology review (2015, background): “Pertaining the configuration of single cells, there are basically two options, one being the typical configuration with only the porous flow-through electrodes and the other including a flow channel to evenly distribute the electrolyte along the electrode [83].”
Redox flow batteries: Status and perspective towards sustainable stationary energy storage (2021, background): “However, current density up to 1.5 A cm − 2 and power density of 1.1 W cm − 2 were experimented in small tests cell [16,17] and kW-class pilot systems have been built capable of 665 mA cm − 2 and 370 mW cm − 2 [18].”