The Impact of Silica Nanoparticle Design on Cellular Toxicity and Hemolytic Activity
By Tian Yu, A. Malugin, H. Ghandehari. ACS Nano, 2011
637 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Understanding the toxicity of silica nanoparticles (SiO2) on the cellular level is crucial for rational design of these nanomaterials for biomedical applications. Herein, we explore the impacts of geometry, porosity and surface charge of SiO2 on cellular toxicity and hemolytic activity. Nonporous Stöber silica nanospheres (115 nm diameter), mesoporous silica nanospheres (120 nm diameter, aspect ratio 1), mesoporous silica nanorods with aspect ratio of 2, 4 and 8 (width by length 80 × 200 nm, 150 × 600 nm, 130 × 1000 nm) as well as their cationic counterparts were evaluated on macrophages, lung carcinoma cells, and human erythrocytes. It was shown that the toxicity of SiO2 is cell-type dependent and that surface charge and pore size govern cellular toxicity. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the cellular association of SiO2 was quantitated with the association amount increasing in the following order: mesoporous SiO2 (aspect ratio 1, 2, 4, 8) < amine-modified mesoporous SiO2 (aspect ratio 1, 2, 4, 8) < amine-modified nonporous Stöber SiO2 < nonporous Stöber SiO2. Geometry did not seem to influence the extent of SiO2 association at early or extended time points. The level of cellular association of the nanoparticles was directly linked to the extent of plasma membrane damage, suggesting a biological cause-and-effect relationship. Hemolysis assay showed that the hemolytic activity was porosity- and geometry- dependent for bare SiO2 and surface charge-dependent for amine-modified SiO2. A good correlation between hemolytic activity and cellular association was found on a similar dosage basis. These results can provide useful guidelines for the rational design of SiO2 in nanomedicine.
Subfields: Biomaterials, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Surfaces, Coatings and Films
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/47b47fd7e20abb6395a50a0075d410b828479c0a
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Citations in the corpus
- Nanotoxicology and in vitro studies: the need of the hour. (2012, background): “For example, sub-micronic to nanometer-sized preparations of SiO2 were found to increase arachidonic acid metabolism eventually leading to lung inflammation and pulmonary disease as well as expression in genes directly related to inflammation (Driscoll et al., 1996; Englen et al., 1990).”
- Investigating the optimal size of anticancer nanomedicine (2014, neutral): “Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103(16):6315–6320.”
- The role of surface charge in cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of medical nanoparticles (2012, neutral): “eg, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles, charge appears to play no role,(38) or other parameters, eg, porosity for mesoporous SiO 2 particles, are more important than surface charge.(39) The lack of negative effects of positively charged PLGA particles could be due to the use of chitosan,”
- Mesoporous silica nanoparticles in target drug delivery system: A review (2015, positive): “[49,50] In general, people use activated carbon to remove toxic chemicals however it showed poor removal ability Conventional MSNs can load a dose of therapeutic drug with 200-300 mg (maximally about 600 mg) drug/1 g silica.”
- Sol-gel based materials for biomedical applications (2016, background): “[428] reported on the cytotoxicity of MSNs with diameter of 80–150 nm and aspect ratio of 1, 2, 4, and 8 showed that aspect ratio had no significant effect on the particles’ acute cytotoxicity, proliferation inhibition, plasma membrane integrity, and cellular uptake to murine macrophage, human lung ”